溶剂性质对六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷晶型的作用  

Influence of Anti-solvent Property on the Modes of Crystallization of HNIW

作　　者：金韶华[1] 雷向东[1] 欧育湘[1] 刘进全[1] 松全才[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100081

出　　处：《兵工学报》2005年第6期743-745,共3页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：国防科技预研基金项目(00J12.6.6.BQ0127)

摘　　要：研究稳定地得到ε型六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(HNIW)的结晶工艺条件,并寻求多晶转变的理论解释。研究发现,非溶剂的物理性质,如偶极矩、分子极性,在结晶过程中对于HNIW的晶型起重要作用。常温下在无晶种时,当利用乙酸乙酯、丙酮作为溶剂,采用偶极矩值小的非溶剂,如环己烷、石油醚、甲苯、异辛烷等均可使HNIW以ε型晶型结晶出来,反之,采用偶极矩值大的非溶剂,如三甘醇则使HNIW以其它晶型结晶出来。在较高温度下,ε型HNIW在极性与非极性溶剂中稳定存在时间明显不同。A study on the methods and processes of crystallization of ε-HNIW was given, and a theoretical explanation of its crystal transformation was found in this paper. The solubility of HNIW almost does not change with variations in the temperature of solution. Therefore only the anti-solvents involved in crystallization is effective in the preparation of ε-HNIW. It is revealed that the physical properties such as the dipole moment and molecular polarity of the anti-solvent play an important role in the process of crystallization of HNIW. When using acetic ether or acetone as the solvents, anti-solvents with lower values of dipole moment, for example petroleum ether, isooctane, cyclohexane, toluene etc, make the HNIW to form an ε-modification, whereas antisolvents with higher values of dipole moment, such as triethylene glycol, to form other modifications of HNIW. At higher temperatures, the duration that ε-HNIW can keep its modification is longer in non-polar solvents than in polar solvents.

关 键 词：分析化学 六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷 结晶 偶极矩 分子极性 非溶剂 

分 类 号：TQ560[化学工程—炸药化工]