杂种小麦抗穗发芽性的遗传研究  

A GENETIC STUDY ON PRE-HARVEST SPROUTING IN HYBYID WHEAT

作　　者：沈又佳[1] 刘世家[1] 吴兆苏[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学小麦品种研究室,南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》1996年第2期1-5,共5页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

摘　　要：选用穗发芽抗性不同的6个杂种小麦的亲本品系组配成36个组合,对各组合亲本、正反交一代、二代和各回交后代的种子进行穗发芽率、α-淀粉酶活性的遗传分析。结果表明:正反交一代种子均偏抗,但存在母性效应;杂交一代有一定的负向杂种优势,杂交二代的负向优势又强于杂交一代;以抗性材料作母本,再用抗性亲本回交,后代抗性更高;穗发芽抗性受部分显性基因控制,而很少受完全显性基因控制;在核基因相同条件下,A型细胞质和T型细胞质对后代穗发芽抗性的影响没有差异。Thirty-six combinations were made from 14 parent varieties(strains) with different resistance to preharvest sprouting in hybrid wheat. Some characters of seed from P_1, P_2, F_1, F_1′, F_2, F_2′ and 4 BC_1 of each combination were examined and genetically analysied, including α-amylase activity, germination percentage and content of endogenous ABA and GA. The results showed: F_1 and F_1′ all demonstrated resistance to pre-harvest sprouting obviously, while maternal effect was'also observed. It appeared a distinct heterosis in F_1, while F_2 showed more obvios heterosis than F_1. Resistance to pre-harvest sprouting was coditioned by partial dominance gene. T type cytoplasm seemed to show no resistence to pre-harvest sprouting as compared with A type cytoplasm under the same nuclear genotype.

关 键 词：小麦 杂种 穗发芽 抗性 遗传分析 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S512.103.4[农业科学—作物学]