黄河三角洲孤东及新滩海岸侵蚀机制研究  

Study on the Coastal Erosion Mechanism in the Yellow River Dalta Gudong and Xintan Areas

作　　者：陈小英[1] 陈沈良[1] 李九发[1] 徐丛亮[2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学河口海岸国家重点实验室,上海200062 [2]黄河口水文水资源勘测局,山东东营257091

出　　处：《海岸工程》2005年第4期1-10,共10页Coastal Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础发展研究规划项目--三角洲海岸侵蚀与岸坡失稳灾害的防护政策(2002CB412408)

摘　　要：黄河三角洲孤东及新滩地区是黄河1976年以来清水沟流路河口新淤积的滩涂地带。根据孤东及新滩海域1997-2003年16个海岸剖面的实测地形资料以及利津水文站的水沙资料,阐述了黄河口尾闾改道清8出汊后,孤东及新滩海岸剖面的冲淤演变过程,并从动力地貌的角度对其冲淤过程和机制做了重点研究。结果表明,1998年以后,除新口门附近轻微淤积,其它岸段均遭到不同程度的侵蚀。清水沟老河口附近剖面表现为上冲下淤的侵蚀类型;其余侵蚀剖面形态则表现为均衡侵蚀型。近年来黄河入海水沙量的减少以及1996年河口流路的改变,调整了入海水沙、海洋动力和海岸地形之间的动态平衡,海洋动力相对增强,从而导致海岸侵蚀后退。The Gudong and Xintan areas are the newly silted Yellow River estuary area. Based on the observed topographic data along 16 coastal sections in the Gudong and Xintan areas during 1997 to 2003 and the hydrographic and sediment data observed at the Lijing Station, the erosion and deposition evolutional process of the Gudong and Xintan coastal sections after the Yellow River terminal channel diversion is expounded, and the morphodynamic method is used to study the erosion and deposition process and mechanism. It is shown from the study results that since 1998 all coastal sections have been eroded except that the new estuary area has slightly been silted up. The sections near the old Qingshuigou estuary were eroded in the upper part and silted up in the lower part, and the other erosional sections were balancedly eroded. The decrease in the Yellow River water and sediment discharges in recent years and the diversion of estuarine channel in 1996 have readjusted the dynamic balance between the discharged water and sediment, marine dynamics and coastal topography, the marine dynamics became relatively stronger, and the coasts have retrograded.

关 键 词：海岸剖面 冲淤 侵蚀机制 黄河三角洲 

分 类 号：P737.12[天文地球—海洋地质]