大圆满(Dzogchen)及海德格尔的四维时间  

Four - Dimensional Time in Dzogchen and Heidegger

作　　者：姚治华[1] 夏志前[2] 

机构地区：[1]香港大学佛学研究中心 [2]中山大学哲学系

出　　处：《现代哲学》2006年第1期78-89,共12页Modern Philosophy

摘　　要：关于时间,我们有太多的疑问,比如过去的事情就不再有了吗?未来是不可预期的吗?现在存在吗?时光的流逝是不可逆转的吗?什么是永恒?它与时间的关系如何?本文以藏传佛教大圆满传统的龙清巴和西方现象学派的海德格尔为例讨论时间的经验。他们都没有去构想永恒的生命,而是深入到时间流逝的现象和经验之中,揭示了一个全新的时间维度,即所谓第四时间或时间的第四维度。本文首先介绍大圆满传统中处理时间经验的一种修行,然后分析龙清巴的四时概念及其在佛教史上的意义,接着讨论海德格尔的四维时间概念,以及其追随者对这一概念的进一步讨论。最后在结论中,我将简单说明四维时间在这两个传统中的同异点,并探讨其相似点后的可能原因。Concerning time, we have many puzzles, such as what is eternity, how it is related to the passage of time, whether the passage of time is irreversible, whether things past are no-longer, whether the future is non-predictable, whether the present exists or not, and so on. This article is an attempt to discuss such experiences of the passage of time. First, a Buddhist practice in Dzogchen tradition that deals with the experience of the passage of time will be introduced, then Longchenpa＇s concept of four times （dus-bzhi） will be analyzed, and its significance in the history of Buddhism will also be discussed. In the following section, it will examine Heidegger＇s concept of four dimensional time and briefly discuss its elaboration by later philosophers. In conclusion, it will discuss the similarities and differences between the four-dimensional time theories as found in these two diverse traditions, and the possible reasons for their striking similarities.

关 键 词：大圆满 龙清巴 海德格尔 四维时间 藏传佛教 

分 类 号：B946.6[哲学宗教—宗教学]