作为政治悲剧的《麦克白》  

Macbeth,as a Political Tragedy

作　　者：梁超群[1] 张锷[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学外语学院,上海200062

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2006年第1期89-93,共5页Journal of East China Normal University（Humanities and Social Sciences）

摘　　要：莎士比亚的政治意识与政治良心是与他的创作冲动相伴相生的。与作者的其他历史剧和悲剧相比,《麦克白》对政治的审视更微观、具体,它透视了“政治动物”非常“政治”的心。历来的莎学者较少注意到《麦克白》作为政治悲剧的分量,其中最主要原因之一,是许多论者下意识地将政治与道德(善恶)斗争划上等号,忽视了文学中政治话题的独特认知价值。《麦克白》中深藏着非常有颠覆性的政治信息,它不动声色地展示了封建政治血腥与虚伪的本质。封建政权的支柱之一是它特有的话语系统。在由封建王权所主导的话语系统中,野心就是罪孽,麦克白因而被贴上了恶魔的标签。Shakespeare was close to the political arena of his time, and his political awareness and conscience played an important role in his playwriting. Compared with Hamlet and his other tragedies, Macbeth is a more thorough and detailed treatment of the ＂political heart＂ of the hero as a ＂political animal＂. Most Shakespearean scholars have not duly appreciated Macbeth＇s identity as a political tragedy for the important reason, among many others, that they have unknowingly equated political struggle with the everlasting war between good and evil. Macbeth suggests some major subversive messages against feudal politics that can be characterized with blood and hypocrisy. Its unique discourse labeled ambition as evil and thus doomed Macbeth.

关 键 词：莎士比亚 《麦克白》 政治悲剧 政治观 

分 类 号：I561.073[文学—其他各国文学]