DEM中汇水盆地的自动提取及矢量表示  

AUTOMATIC EXTRACTION AND VECTORIZED REPRESENTATION OF RIVER BASINS FROM DEM

作　　者：赵文吉[1] 陈永良[2] 宫辉力[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学资源环境与地理信息系统北京市重点实验室,北京100037 [2]吉林大学综合信息矿产预测研究所,长春130026

出　　处：《物探化探计算技术》2006年第1期49-53,共5页Computing Techniques For Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(G1999034606);国家自然科学基金(70073045);北京市自然科学基金(6032003)

摘　　要：从数字高程数据(DEM)中自动提取自然水系及汇水盆地,并在GIS平台中表示出来,是开展基于GIS的区域水资源勘查与评价研究工作的基础,具有重要的实际意义。这里提出了一种根据自然水系自动提取结果,圈定各级水系汇水盆地,并将其表示成GIS中矢量图形数据的算法。该算法包括以下四个进程:①以水流方向数据和自然水系的分级标识数据为依据,将同一级别每一条水系汇水盆地内的栅格自动识别出来;②根据不同水系汇水盆地栅格的标识数据,自动搜索汇水盆地的边界栅格;③确定不同水系汇水盆地的分界线,并计算分界线上各个节点的X-Y坐标;④建立不同水系汇水盆地空间实体的拓扑关系,生成GIS可以识别的矢量图形数据。用我国东天山地区的DEM数据进行了算法的试验研究,实验结果表明,该算法是可行的。Automatically extracting natural river system and river basins from digital elevation data(DEM),and then representing them in GIS,is the basis of GIS-based regional water resource prospecting and assessment.In this paper,an algorithm for automatically determining and representing natural river basins according to the raster data derived from the automatic river system recognizing procedure is proposed.This algorithm includes the following four procedures:(1) Automatically recognizing and signing the grid cells located in each river basin according to the flow vector raster data and the classified river raster data;(2) Determining the grid cells located in the boundary of each river basin according to the basin indicator raster data;(3) Determining the dividing lines between each pair of river basins and calculating the X-Y coordinates of the points located in the lines;(4) Establishing the spatial topographic relations between different spatial entities related to the river basins and saving them as the graphic data files that GIS platform can use for the further analysis.A DEM dataset sampled from East Tianshan mountain region is used as the testing data for the algorithm and the experimental result verifies the feasibility of the algorithm.

关 键 词：汇水盆地 边界 节点 弧段 多边形 

分 类 号：P941.75[天文地球—自然地理学]