骨性Ⅲ类错形成机制性别差异的研究  

The gender difference in the mechanism of skeletal Angle's Class Ⅲ malocclusion

作　　者：郑旭[1] 林久祥[2] 谢以岳[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院口腔科,100083 [2]北京大学口腔医学院口腔医院正畸科

出　　处：《现代口腔医学杂志》2006年第1期24-27,共4页Journal of Modern Stomatology

摘　　要：目的 了解骨性Ⅲ类错[牙合]的形成机制，特别是男女在错[牙合]形成机制上的差异。方法选择12～15岁间骨性Ⅲ类错[牙合]患者58例，经头影测量确定ANB角小于0°，临床检查下颌不能后退，正常恒牙牙合者48例，ANB角在0°～5°之间。两组均要求为恒牙早期[牙合]，牙列完整，无正畸治疗史，男女各半。从头颅侧位片上测量13项颅面基本构成指标和14项反映基本面型及矢状垂直关系等的指标，对线距值进行标准化消除个体差异后，用独立样本t检验在骨性Ⅲ类错[牙合]和正常[牙合]中比较这些指标的性别差异，并比较男女Ⅲ类错[牙合]与正常[牙合]间这些指标间的差异。结果骨性Ⅲ类错[牙合]的形成在男性主要是由于上颌长减小、下颌升支前倾、下颌角开张所致，在女性，除了以上因素之外，后颅底前倾、升支和下颌体的增长也是导致骨性Ⅲ类错[牙合]的重要原因，从面部比例看骨性Ⅲ类错[牙合]面部有变窄长的趋势，女性更明显。骨性Ⅲ类错[牙合]的形成中颅面骨骼基本组分之间的匹配方式存在着性别差异。结论12～15岁间骨性Ⅲ类错[牙合]的形成机制存在性别差异，这种差异是生长发育期的暂时现象还是一种持续存在的男女性别在机体结构上的差异还有待研究。Objective To investigate the mechanism of skeletal Angle＇s class Ⅲ malocclusion, especially the gender difference. Methods The study selected 58 patients with skeletal Angle＇ s class Ⅲ malocclusion who have ANB less than 0° in cephalometric tracing and an unretrudable mandible in clinical examination,and 48 subjects with normal occlusionwho have ANB from 0° and 5°. Both groups had same number of boys and girls aged from 12 to 15 years. All of the patients requested for whole set of permanent dentition and had no history of orthodontic treatment. Thirteen measurements were obtained from cephalograms, which described the essential components of craniofacial skeleton; the other 14 described the basic faceal patterns and saggital and vertical relationships between jaws. After standardizing liner measurements to get rid of individual differences, independent sample t-test was performed compared the differences between the class Ⅲ group and the normal group; and then between the males and the females. Results In the male group, shortening of maxillar length, anticloekwise rotating of mandibular ramus, and opening of gonial angle were the main causes for skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion. In the female group, in addition to all of the above factors, anticloekwise rotating of posterior cranial base and lengthening of mandibular ramus and mandibular body were also important contributors. It was more obvous in females that the face tended to be elongated in skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion. Gender differences were demonstrated in the combined patterns of craniofacial skeletal components in skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion. Conclusion Out study observed gender differences in the mechanism of skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion in patients aged from 12 to 15. More studies are needed to investigate the variation is due to a gender difference or just a temporary phenomenon during growth spurt.

关 键 词：安氏Ⅲ类错[牙合] 骨型 形成机制 

分 类 号：R783[医药卫生—口腔医学]