秦岭川金丝猴一个投食群等级关系的研究  

Study on dominance hierarchy of the Sichuan snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) in Qinling Mountains

作　　者：李保国[1] 李宏群[2] 赵大鹏[1] 张育辉[2] 齐晓光[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学生命科学学院和西部资源生物与现代生物技术省部共建教育部重点实验室,西安710069 [2]陕西师范大学生命科学学院

出　　处：《兽类学报》2006年第1期18-25,共8页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30370202;30570312);教育部科学技术研究重点项目(204186);陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(05JK295);美国圣地亚哥动物学会(2001-2005);日本COSMO石油环保卡基金(2005-2009)

摘　　要：2002年7月至2003年6月,采用焦点动物取样法和全事件记录法对秦岭山脉周至国家级自然保护区玉皇庙西梁川金丝猴投食群一雄多雌社会单元内部和社会单元间的攻击和屈服行为的指向和次数进行记录,应用计算优势指数的方法对社会单元内不同性别年龄组和社会单元间的等级进行排列。结果表明,在每一个社会单元内部成年雄性居最高地位,所有成年雌性占有第二阶层,亚成体处于第三阶层,青少年个体处于最低层。每个社会单元内成年雌性在一年内的等级序列并不是固定不变的,一般是雌性在产仔后顺位明显上升。八个社会单元在交配阶段和产仔阶段等级结构不同,等级最高的社会单元以及等级最低的社会单元的等级顺序没有发生变化,等级接近的社会单元间的等级顺序发生变化,其变化的原因可能主要与社会单元内部成员相互协作进行攻击有关。From July 2002 to June 2003, we used focal animal sampling and all-occurrence recording to record the direction and number of occurrences of aggressive and submissive behaviors of 58 Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys from the west ridge troop in the Zhouzhi National Reserve of the Qinling Mountains. The data was then analyzed using the dominance index method. The results revealed that the resident male was the highest-ranking individual within the OMU （ One-male unit） , the adult females were second rank, then sub-adult females, and finally the juveniles. We also found that a female＇s rank in its OMU is unstable： an adult female＇s rank will rise after it gives birth. The rank order of the eight OMUs changed between the mating season and the birth season. The highest and lowest-ranking OMUs maintained their positions ; while, the remaining units shifted their ranking order between the mating season and birth season. Rank orders might shift due to changes in the degrees of cooperation within the OMUs.

关 键 词：川金丝猴 等级 攻击行为 屈服行为 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]