穗澳两地初中生早餐行为调查  

Breakfast Behaviors of Junior Middle School Students in Guangzhou and Macao

作　　者：刘国宁[1] 吴赤蓬[1] 林汉生[1] 范存欣[1] 王惠苏[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学医学院预防医学教研室,广州510632

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2006年第1期32-33,共2页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解穗澳初中生早餐行为,为编制营养教育教材提供资料。方法采用整群抽样方法,抽取广州及澳门不同学校的初中生1597名进行问卷调查。结果两地有53.8%的学生每天都吃早餐,4.7%的学生每天都不吃早餐;有50%以上的学生早餐质量不达标,广州学生早餐频率和早餐质量高于澳门学生(χ2值分别为64.563和28.823,P值均<0.01)。澳门学生早餐外购率(66.0%)高于广州学生(55.0%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=48.01,P<0.01)。两地学生认为“时间不够”(53.6%)和“没有食欲”(23.0%)为不吃早餐的主要原因,差别有统计学意义(χ2=62.19,P<0.01)。广州有40.0%的初中生了解营养早餐应包括哪些内容,而澳门只有20.0%(χ2=112.96,P<0.01);广州有75.9%的初中生认为每天必须吃早餐,而澳门只有49.3%(χ2=35.16,P<0.01)。结论广州和澳门初中生对早餐的重视和营养知识均较欠缺,早餐质量急待改善,对该人群开展营养宣传教育十分必要。Objective To study junior middle school students＇ breakfast behaviors in Guangzhou and Maeau, anti to provide evidence for nutritional education materials. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to a cluster sample of 1 597 junior middle school students in Guangzhon and Macao. Results Among the students surveyed, 53,8 % of them had breakfast everyday, and 4.7 % had no breakfast everyday. Over 50% students＇ breakfast quality did not meet the standard. Breakfast frequency and quality among students in Guangzhou were higher than in Macao（ X^2 values were respectively 64.56 and 28.823, both P 〈 0.01 ）. The ratio of the studeats bought breakfast outside was 66.0% in Macon and 55.0% in Guangzhou, with statistical significance （ X^2 = 48.01, P 〈 0.01 ）. The main reasons of not having breakfast were a lack of time （53.6%） and having no appetite（23.0% ）, with statistical significance（ X^2 = 62.19, P 〈 0.01 ）. About 40.0% of the students in Guangzhou knew about the contents of nutritious breakfast while only 20.0% in Macao （ X^2 = 112.96, P 〈 0.01 ）. About 75.9 % of the students in Guangzhou and 49,3 % in Macao thought it was necessary to have breakfast everyday （X^2 = 35.16, P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion It is deficiency in nutritional knowledge and the tecognition of breakfast, Nutritional education should be conducted to the students, so as to improve their breakfast quality.

关 键 词：饮食习惯 知识 态度 实践 对比研究 学生 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R155.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]