工作特征对农村中学教师职业倦怠的影响  

Job Characteristics that Affecting Job Burnout among Secondary School Teachers in China's Rural Area

作　　者：甘怡群[1] 王晓春[1] 张轶文[1] 张莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学心理学系,北京100871

出　　处：《心理学报》2006年第1期92-98,共7页Acta Psychologica Sinica

摘　　要：对20例农村中学教师的深度访谈进行内容分析,发现人际消耗以及社会偏见对职业倦怠起着重要的影响作用。根据访谈的结果编制了教师工作特征的本地化测量工具,对266名被试的测量结果进行因素分析,显示4个因素:缺乏支持和公平感,忙碌感,人际消耗,社会偏见。人际消耗和社会偏见在预测职业倦怠总分和热情枯竭有大于5%的增益方差。人际消耗通过影响精力枯竭造成职业倦怠,社会偏见则通过所有三条路径造成职业倦怠。本研究揭示了影响中国农村中学教师职业倦怠的重要因素———人际消耗和社会偏见。20 secondary school teachers in china＇s rural area were interviewed and content analysis was conducted. It was found that interpersonal depletion and social prejudice played important roles in causing their job burnout. Based on the results of the interview, an indigenous Chinese job characteristics inventory for secondary school teachers was developed. 266 participants completed the questionnaire. Factor analysis indicated a 4 - factor structure ： Lack of Social Support, Overbusiness, Interpersonal Depletion and Social Prejudice. Interpersonal depletion and social prejudice contributed an incremental variance of more than 5% in predicting total score of job burnout and lack of passion score. Interpersonal depletion affected job buruout via energy exhaustion, whereas social prejudice affected job burnout via all three paths. The present study revealed the two important factors that affecting job burnout among secondary school teachers in china＇ s rural area： interpersonal depletion and social prejudice.

关 键 词：职业倦怠 中学教师 工作特征 人际消耗 社会偏见 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] G44[哲学宗教—心理学]