二维地震过障碍观测系统模式及其参数设计  

2-D seismic obstacle-crossing geometry and parameters design

作　　者：梁顺军[1] 肖敏 唐怡 蔡友宏 张延充 刘定锦 

机构地区：[1]四川石油地调处物探研究中心

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2006年第1期1-7,共7页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

摘　　要：在二维地震勘探中,为了避免因地表障碍物使地震反射剖面出现间断现象,需要改变观测系统设计,跨越障碍物(江河、城镇等),以保证反射同相轴能连续追踪对比。在以往地震勘探中,有时因过障碍观测系统设计不合理,不但增加勘探费用,而且影响采集质量。因此只有科学合理地设计过障碍观测系统模式和参数,才能保证地震测线顺利通过障碍物,得到较好的障碍物下方的地震资料并降低勘探成本。为此本文在调查和研究大量野外实际的过障碍观测系统的基础上,总结归纳成三大类过障碍观测系统模式,并分析其特点和应用范围。采用图解法,推导出主要模式的跨越宽度、最小炮检距及最大炮检距等参数公式。采用这套过障碍观测模式不仅可以得到和障碍区两侧等质量的地震资料,而且可以有效地降低勘探成本。In 2-D seismic exploration,in order to avoid interrupt phenomenon on seismic reflection sections because of the obstacles on surface,the design of geometry-changed pattern should be needed so that the obstacles (rivers and towns etc. ) could be crossed and continue tracing and correlation of reflection events could be guaranteed. In former field production,irrational design of obstacle-crossing geometry sometimes not only increases prospecting cost, but also affects the acquisition quality. Therefore, only scientific and reasonable design of obstacle-crossing geometry and parameters can ensure the seismic lines successfully passing through the obstacles,obtaining better seismic data under the obstacles and reducing the prospecting cost. For that reason,on the basis of investigating and studying a lot of practical obstacle-crossing geometry,the paper summarized three types of obstacle-crossing geometry and analyzed the properties and applied scope. Using schematic method,the parameters formulas of crossed width, minimum offset and maximum offset in key patterns have been deduced.Using the set of obstacle-crossing geometry patterns can not only obtain the seismic data with good quality equal to that on the both sides of obstacles, but also effectively reduce the prospecting cost.

关 键 词：山地 二维地震 测线 障碍物 观测系统 模式 参数 

分 类 号：P631.443[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P618.13[天文地球—地质学]