中华鮡与前臀鮡的形态差异和物种有效性  

MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATIONS AND SPECIES VALIDITY OF PAREUCHILOGLANIS SINENSIS AND P. ANTEANALIS IN SOUTHWESTERN OF CHINA

作　　者：姚景龙[1] 陈毅峰[1] 李堃[1] 严云志[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所

出　　处：《动物分类学报》2006年第1期11-17,共7页Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KSCX1SW1304);国家973计划(2003CB415103)资助.

摘　　要：采用主成分分析方法研究中华与前臀物种的有效性问题,并利用主成分分析结果中起主要作用的性状作差异性的统计分析,为分类性状的相关性提供了数学依据。结果表明:1)中华与前臀的主要鉴别特征在于前者之臀鳍起点至尾鳍基的距离小于至腹鳍起点的距离,后者反之;2)前者尾柄高大于前鼻孔至眼前缘距离后者反之;3)前者脂鳍基末端至尾鳍背侧起点的距离小于尾柄高,后者反之。据主成分分析及显著性t值检验结果。笔者观点与原文献作者观点完全一致,中华与前臀应是两个不同独立种。两物种形态上的差异主要表现在与游泳等行为有关的性状特征上,而且也是对不同小生境长期适应的结果。The authors attempt to examine the species validity of the P. sinensis and P. anteanalis. The paper presents some important statistic evidences for the diagnostic characteristics on these two species. The P. sinensis differs from the P. anteanalis in having a shorter length of F-J （ from the origin of anal fin to the caudal fin base; Fig. 1） which is shorter than the distance of D-F （from that origin above to the origin of pelvic fin）, namely 32.67 mm ± 4.73 mm〈 36.40 mm± 4.76 mm as against 43.73 mm ± 7.16 mm〉 32.40 ±6.53 mm; a higher caudal depth which exceeds the distance between anterior nostril and front of eye, i.e. 9.62± 1.43 〉8.60± 1.31 as against 6.22mm±1.29mm〈8.87mm±1.58mm; and a smaller length of I-K （from the terminal of adpose fin base to the dorsal origin of caudal fin; Fig. 1 ） which is obviously less than the length of caudal depth, i. e. 4.68 mm± 1.63 ram〈9.61 mm± 1.43 mm as against 11.10 mm± 4.77 mm〈 6.22 mm ± 1.29 ram. Acording to the principal component analysis （PCA） as well as the t-test of the differences, the results show that our views which the P. sinensis and P. anteanalis should be considered as the separate species, coincide with the authors of the original literatures （Hora et silas, 1951; Fang et al., 1984）. We think that the morphological differences on these two species are related to their swimming behavior, and also is a result caused by the long-term acclimation in different mini-habitats.

关 键 词：中华(鱼兆) 前臀(鱼兆) 形态差异 物种有效性 主成分分析 中国西南部. 

分 类 号：Q959.4[生物学—动物学]