土壤中残留毒死蜱的作物效应  

Effect of Chlorpyrifos Residue in Red Soil on Crops

作　　者：汪立刚[1] 蒋新[1] 颜冬云[1] 王芳[1] 卞永荣[1] 吴金水[2] 李新爱[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008 [2]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,长沙410125

出　　处：《环境科学》2006年第2期366-370,共5页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金项目(40325001);国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2002CB415203;2002CB410805);中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCXI-SW-01-14)

摘　　要：应用盆栽实验和室内分析方法，研究了红壤中残留毒死蜱农药对小麦、油菜苗生长及其对农药吸收的影响．结果表明，红壤中残留毒死蜱初始浓度为1～10μg／g，20d后，小麦苗地上部吸收的浓度可达0．257～4．50μg／g，油菜苗地上部吸收浓度可达到0．249～2．02μg／g；红壤中残留毒死蜱浓度低于10μg／g，对小麦苗地上部鲜重没有显著影响，低于5μg／g。对油菜苗地上部鲜重没有显著影响；残留毒死蜱在油菜苗根际的降解比非根际快1．4～4．2倍；油菜苗根际土细菌、真菌数量分别是非根际＋的1．1R倍、1．R4倍．而放线菌数量差异不大；根际土比非根际土pH值低约0．19～0．23．The pot cultivation experiment method, integrating with laboratory analysis, was employed for exploring the influence of chlorpyrifos residue in red soil on growth of wheat and oil-seed rape seedlings, and the uptake of crops to chlorpyrifos residue. The results show that, wheat seedlings and oil seed rape seedlings can absorb chlorpyrifos residue from soil to reach the concentration of 0.257-4.50μg/g and 0.249-2.02μg/g, respectively, 20 days later since chlorpyrifos was introduced into the pots, on condition that the initial concentration of ehlorpyrifos residue in red soil was 1 - 10μg/g. The initial concentration of ehlorpyrifos residue in red soil equivalent to or below 10ttg/g has not significant influence on growth of wheat seedlings. Similarly, the concentration equivalent to or below 5ttg/g has not significant influence on growth of oil seed rape seedlings. The degradation rate in oil-seed rape rhizosphere soil is 1.4-4.2 times more than in that in unvegetated soil. The amount of bacterium and fungus in oil-seed rape rhizosphere is 3.18 times and 1.84 times as much as these in unvegetated soil, respectively. However, there is no substantial difference of actinomyces between in rhizosphere soil and in unvegetated soil. Compared with unvegetated soil, pH in rhizosphere soil is lowered by 0.19 0.23.

关 键 词：红壤 毒死蜱 残留 油菜 小麦 

分 类 号：X131.3[环境科学与工程—环境科学]