骨内型垂直向牙槽骨牵张器的研制  

Development of intraosseous vertical alveolar distractor

作　　者：周苗[1] 陈松龄[2] 黄代营[2] 庾晓伟[3] 

机构地区：[1]广东省中医院口腔科,广东广州510120 [2]中山大学附属第一医院口腔科 [3]中山大学附属第二医院口腔科

出　　处：《临床口腔医学杂志》2006年第3期138-140,共3页Journal of Clinical Stomatology

基　　金：广东省卫生厅科技攻关项目(2004B33101010)

摘　　要：目的:研制骨内型牙槽骨牵张器,并在动物实验中检验其效果。方法:实验动物为成年杂种犬6只,实验材料为自行设计,纯钛制成的骨内型垂直向牙槽骨牵张器,直径3.75 mm,长5 mm。螺纹状钛种植体,直径3.75 mm,长度10 mm。先拔除犬的双侧下颌前磨牙,形成牙槽嵴萎缩模型。3月后随机选择一侧行骨切开术,植入两个牵张器。1周后开始牵张;2月后拆除牵张器,植入两枚螺纹钛种植体。3月后处死动物,取带种植体标本进行临床检查、放射学检查和扫描电镜检查。结果:骨内型垂直牙槽骨牵张器组织相容性良好,未发现有免疫排斥反应。牙槽骨高度平均增加(4.80±0.50)mm。植入后3月检查发现种植体和周围组织愈合良好,并与周围骨组织形成骨结合。结论:自行研制的骨内型牙槽骨牵张器取得良好的实验效果,为该器材的国产化和推广牙槽骨牵张成骨技术打下基础。Objective：To introduce an intraosseous vertical alveolar distraetor developed by the authors and evaluate it in experimental trials, Method：Six adult mongrel dogs were procured from the Experimental Animal Center of Sun Yat-sen University. The intraosseous vertical alveolar distractors made in pure Ti developed by the authors were adopted, whose body were 3.75 mm in diameter,5 mm in length. The threaded implants were 3.75 mm in diameter, 10 mm in length . The bilateral mandibular premolars were extracted from experimental dogs. After 3 months, an alveolar segmental osteotomy was carried out in the randomly selected unilateral atrophy alveolar and two intraosseous vertical alveolar distractors were embedded. The distraction was started on the eighth postoperative day at a rate of 1 mm/day for 5 days. Followed by a consolidation of 2 months, the devices were removed and two threaded implants were placed. The animals were sacrificed 3 months after implant embedding and the alveolar ridges were observed by clinical, radiological and scanning electron microscopic examination. Result： The intraosseous vertical alveolar distractors obtained good healing and no immunological rejection was found. At result of vertical distraction, the atrophy alveolar were augmented （4.80 ± 0.50） mm. The implants obtained good healing with the surrounding tissues and were successfully osteointegrated 3 months after embedding. Conclusion： The alveolar distractor developed by the authors can be used successfully in experimental studies of vertical alveolar bone augmentation. This will provide a good foundation for the domestic production of the device and popularize the technique of alveolar distraction osteogenesis.

关 键 词：牵张成骨 牙种植 骨内方法 钛 

分 类 号：R783.5[医药卫生—口腔医学]