10种鸟消化系统的比较研究  

Comparative Studies on Digestive System of Several Species of Birds

作　　者：韩芬茹[1] 

机构地区：[1]陇东学院生命科学系,西峰745000

出　　处：《经济动物学报》2006年第1期35-38,共4页Journal of Economic Animal

摘　　要：为了弄清鸟类消化系统形态结构与食性的关系，2005年3～7月对陇东学院和西峰市郊10种野生鸟的消化系统进行了解剖观察。结果表明，乌的喙和舌因种类：食性和采食方式不同有很大的差异，鸟类消化道的形态特征与其食性密切相关：大白鹭的消化管最长，是体长的2．59倍，斑鸠、石鸡、环颈雉的消化管次之，是体长的2．39～2．45倍，白头鹎、北红尾鸲、白鹤鹄、大山雀、椋鸟和灰伯劳的消化管最短，是体长的0．88～1．51倍；环颈雉、石鸡的嗉囊、肌胃和盲肠均非常发达，白头鹎、北红尾鸲、白鹤鹄、大山雀、灰椋鸟、灰伯劳的嗉囊、肌胃、盲肠退化、消失。对其嗉囊、肌胃内容物剖检发现，大白鹭为肉食性鸟类，斑鸠、环颈雉、石鸡为植食性鸟类，白头鹎为杂食性鸟类，北红尾鸲、大山雀、白鹤鹄、灰椋鸟、灰伯劳为食虫性鸟类。From April 2005 to July 2005, we have anatomically observed ten species of raw birds in the campus of Longdong University and the suburbs of Xifeng county. Results showed that the birds have different kinds of beak and tongue according to their virtue of species, food, and the style of looking for foods. Digestive tract of Egretta alba is the longest of all, which is 2.59 times than the length of its body, those of Phasianus colchicus linnaeus, Alecoris chukar and Streptopelia orientalis are shorter than those of Egretta abla, which is 2.45 to 2.39 times than the length of its body. The digestive tract of Pycnonotus sinensis, Phoenicums auroreus, MotaciUa alba, , Paros major, Sturnus malabaricus and Lanius tephronotus are the shortest, which is 0.88 to 1.51 times than the length of its body. Phasianus colchicus Linnaeus and Alecoris chukar have a developed ingluvies, muscular stomach and cecum, but the rest less developed or disappeared. Through anatomical observation, we found that： Egretta abla was a kind of meat-eating bird, Streptopelia orientalis, Phasianus colchicus Linnaeus and Alectoris graeca were kinds of plant-eating birds, Pycnonotus sinensis was belongs to that of food-mixture birds, the rest were those of pest-eating birds . Results showed that： the structure character of intestine of birds has a great relationship with their food.

关 键 词：鸟类 消化系统 比较 

分 类 号：S864.1[农业科学—野生动物驯养]