生物技术在油菜种质创新中的应用  

Applications of Biological Technology in New Germplasm Creation of Brassica Species

作　　者：王爱云[1] 李栒[1] 胡大有[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学,中国湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南益阳职业技术学院,中国湖南益阳413000

出　　处：《生命科学研究》2006年第1期18-23,共6页Life Science Research

基　　金：湖南省科技厅资助项目(05NK3046)

摘　　要：从胚拯救、体细胞杂交、体细胞无性系变异和基因工程4方面综述了现代生物技术在油菜种质创新中所取得的成绩.胚挽救技术主要用于克服远缘杂交受精后的不亲和,提高获得杂种的频率;体细胞杂交由于绕过有性杂交不亲和障碍,扩大了杂交范围;基因工程技术借助分子操作技术,达到定向改变目标生物遗传物质的目的,拓宽其种质资源.另外,对限制生物技术在油菜种质创新中的一些因素和其发展前景进行了讨论.The achievement on modern biological techniques, such as embryo rescue, somatic hybridization, somatic cell variation and genetic engineering, has been summarized in new germplasm creation of Brassica species. The crossing-incompatibilities after fertilization were overcome and the ratio of hybrids was increased by embryo rescue techniques, the crossing-scope was enlarged by somatic hybridization without the course of hybridization. The gene of the plants could be changed and germplasm resoures could be increased by genetic engineering. Factors that limit the application of this technology and its prospetive was also discussed.

关 键 词：生物技术 油菜 种质创新 

分 类 号：S565.403.53[农业科学—作物学]