挡风墙高度和设置位置对车辆气动性能的影响  

Effect of the Vehicle Aerodynamic Performance Caused by the Height and Position of Wind-Break Wall

作　　者：姜翠香[1] 梁习锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2006年第2期66-70,共5页China Railway Science

基　　金：铁道部科技研究开发计划项目(2003J019)

摘　　要：挡风墙高度是修建挡风墙时必须考虑的重要因素,在强侧风作用下,如果墙太矮,则起不到防风作用,太高则会使车辆有向挡风墙一侧倾覆的趋势。以超薄挡风墙为例,应用FLUENT流场计算软件,按二维定常、不可压纳维尔—斯托克斯方程与标准双方程湍流模型对强侧风作用时棚车车体在挡风墙防护下受到的气动力进行了模拟计算。将挡风墙固定在一个位置,棚车分别置于一线和二线,得到一线和二线上车辆受到的倾覆力矩之和最小时的挡风墙高度,即为合理高度。研究结果表明,挡风墙设置位置变化时,其合理高度也会发生变化,两者之间近似成3次多项式关系。The height of wind-break wall is an important factor that must be considered when the windbreak wall is built. If the height is too low, the wall will produce no wind-proof effects under strong crosswind. If it is too high, the vehicle will trend to overturn toward the wall. Take the super-thin wind-break wall for example, the simulation and analysis of the box wagon in strong cross-wind on lines with the wind-break wall is carried through by FLUENT, which is based on 2D, stable and incompressible N-S equation and k-ε two equations turbulent model. The reasonable height was determined by the smallest sum of overturning moments of the vehicle when it locates on the first and second track. Thus the position of the wind-break wall is fixed. Research shows that when the position of wind-break wall changes, its reasonable height varies, too. And these two are found to be approximately cubic polynomial relations.

关 键 词：挡风墙 数值模拟计算 车辆气动性能 

分 类 号：U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程] U216.413[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]