日本沼虾胚胎发育时期消化酶活力和氨基酸含量  

Digestive Enzyme Activities and the Contents of the Amino Acid during the Embryonic Development of Macrobrachium nipponense

作　　者：赵艳民[1] 赵云龙[1] 王群[1] 姚俊杰[1] 安传光[1] 段晓伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生命科学学院,上海200062

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2006年第2期75-81,共7页Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30270161);高等学校博士点基金(20010269002)

摘　　要：采用生物化学方法测定了日本沼虾胚胎发育过程中四种消化酶的比活力和氨基酸的含量.结果显示:卵内可溶性蛋白的含量随着胚胎的发育逐渐下降,但在原肠期的可溶性蛋白含量略高于囊胚期.四种消化酶中类胰蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶和淀粉酶活力在胚胎发育早期和后期较高,中期较低.纤维素酶活力较低且在胚胎发育过程中变化规律不明显.总氨基酸含量在胚胎发育早期下降较快,胚胎发育至后无节幼体期氨基酸含量下降幅度变缓.必需氨基酸中亮氨酸的含量最高,非必需氨基酸中谷氨酸的含量最高.单个必需氨基酸含量与必需氨基酸总量的比值(A/E)在整个胚胎发育过程中的变化基本趋于一致.Amino acids composition and activities of four digestive enzymes including pepsin, tryptase, amylase, cellulase were determined in the eggs of freshwater prawn, Macrobrachiurn nipponense. These eggs were sampled from different embryonic development stages. The results indicated that digestive enzymes activities and amino acids correlated closely with the stages of embryonic development. Activities of pepsin, tryptase and amylase were relatively high during the whole embryonic development stages. Activities of pepsin, tryptase and amylase were high in early and late developmental stages, but relatively low during middle stages. Cellulose activity was low and showed no obvious change during different embryonic development stages. During protozoea stage, activities of pepsin, tryptase and amylase increased obviously. The content of dissolvable protein and amino acid had a decreased trend. It had relevance to the activities of related enzymes. However, content of the dissolvable protein and amino acid during gastrula stage were higher than that of during blastula stage. Among all the amino acids determined, content of Glu was the highest, the highest essential amino acid （EAA） content was Leu. There was little difference between the ratios of content of single EAA to total EAA during different stages of embryonic development of M. nipponense.

关 键 词：日本沼虾 胚胎发育 消化酶 氨基酸 

分 类 号：Q517[生物学—生物化学] Q556