质子泵抑制剂和H_2受体阻滞剂类药物预防脑卒中后应激性溃疡出血的系统评价  被引量:13

Proton Pump Inhibitor and H_2RA Pharmacological Prevention of Stress Ulcer Bleeding in Stroke Patients: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

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作  者:王一平[1] 曾超[2] 吴宗英[1] 

机构地区:[1]四川大学华西医院急诊科,成都610041 [2]成都市第三人民医院消化内科,成都610041

出  处:《中国循证医学杂志》2006年第2期107-116,共10页Chinese Journal of Evidence-based Medicine

摘  要:目的系统评价质子泵抑制剂(PPI)与H2受体阻滞剂(H2RA)预防脑卒中后应激性溃疡出血的临床疗效及安全性.方法计算机检索Cochrane图书馆(2005年第4期)、MEDLINE(1966~2005年10月)、EMBASE(1984~2005年10月)、中国生物医学文献数据库(1980~2005年10月)和中文科技期刊全文数据库(1980~2005年10月),并手工检索已发表和未发表试验.纳入PPI、H2RA预防脑卒中后SUB的随机对照试验.由两名评价员独立选择试验和提取资料,并对其方法学质量进行评价.对符合纳入标准的研究采用RevMan4.2.7软件进行Meta分析.结果共纳入20个随机对照试验(2 624例).Meta分析结果显示:①应激性溃疡出血(SUB)的发生率: PPI能降低脑卒中后SUB的发生率[OR 0.14,95%CI (0.08, 0.24),NNT=3];H2RA能降低脑卒中后SUB的发生率[OR 0.24,95%CI (0.15,0.39),NNT=5];与 H2RA相比,PPI降低脑卒中患者SUB的发生率的效果优于H2RA(P〈0.000 01).②病死率:预防性使用PPI可降低脑卒中患者的病死率[OR 0.22,95%CI(0.11,0.47),NNT=8];预防性使用H2RA能降低脑卒中患者的病死率[OR 0.53,95%CI(0.34, 0.81),NNT=16];与H2RA相比,预防性使用PPI降低脑卒中患者病死率的效果优于H2RA[OR 0.28,95%CI(0.09,0.89)].③药物不良反应发生率:PPI组及H2RA组均未见明显不良反应发生.结论现有的有限证据表明, 预防性使用PPI和H2RA均能降低脑卒中后SUB的发生率、病死率,其中PPI降低SUB发生率的效果明显优于H2RA.Objective To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and H2RA for stress ulcer bleeding in stroke patients. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCT) were identified from MEDLINE ( 1966- Oct. 2005 ) ,EMBASE ( 1984- Oct. 2005 ), The Cochrane Library ( Issue 4,2005 ), CBMdisc ( 1980- Oct. 2005 ) and VIP( 1980- Oct. 2005 ). We handsearched the related published and unpublished data and their references. The quality of included trials was evaluated. Data were extracted by two reviewers independently with a designed extraction form. RevMan 4. 2.7 software was used for data analysis. Results Twenty RCT were included with 2 624 patients. The results of meta-analysis were listed as follows: (1) stress ulcer bleeding (SUB) : PPI ( OR 0.14,95% CI 0.08 to 0.24, NNT = 3 ) and H2RA (OR 0.24,95% CI 0.15 to 0.39, NNT =5) significantly reduced the incidence of SUB in comparison with control group. PPI significantly reduced the incidence of SUB compared with H2R.A(P 〈0. 00001 ). (2) Mortality: PPI (OR 0.22,95% CI 0. 11 to 0.47, NNT =8) and H2RA (OR 0.53,95% CI 0. 34 to 0.81, NNT =16) significantly decreased the mortality compared with non-prophylaxis group. PPI significantly decreased the mortality compared with H2RA (OR 0.28,95% CI 0.09 to 0. 89). (3) Adverse effect: There were not evident adverse effects in both PPI and H2RA groups. Conclusions PPI and H2RA may reduce the incidence and mortality of SUB in stroke patients, and PPls are better in reducing incidence of SUB than H2RA.

关 键 词:脑卒中 应激性溃疡出血 质子泵抑制剂 H2受体阻滞剂 系统评价 

分 类 号:R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]

 

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