“乘人之危”行为的构成要件及效力  

Elements and Their Potency for the Behavior Taking Advantage of Somebody's Precarious Position

作　　者：刘庆法 贺秀风[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省交通规划设计院,山东济南250001 [2]山东大学法学院,山东济南250001

出　　处：《长安大学学报（社会科学版）》2006年第1期76-79,共4页Journal of Chang'an University(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：中国市场经济体制建立以来,“乘人之危”行为屡见不鲜,但是目前中国法律对“乘人之危”的规定失之简括,从而在实践中造成了诸多混乱。为了准确认定“乘人之危”行为,切实维护诚信原则和交易安全,从实务和理论方面对该行为进行了分析,认为构成“乘人之危”需要具备4个要件:受害方处于确实的危难、急迫处境;乘危人的主观故意;该民事行为的受害人的意思表示违背其真实意思;交易结果明显违背公平原则。因此乘人之危行为的效力是可撤销的,而非当然无效。Since China market economy system was established, the behavior ＂taking advantage of somebody＇s precarious position＂ is common. But China＇s current stipulation is too brief, thus in practice many chaos has been created. In order to accurately recognize what the behavior of taking advantage of somebody＇s precarious position is, and to practically maintain faithful principle and transaction security, after analysis of the proofs from the practical and the theoretical aspect to this behavior, this paper believes there are four aspects： when people are truly in danger and urgent situation, they have subjective need intentionally. The meanings of the victims indicate that they will violate their real meaning, and the transaction result will obviously violate the fair principle. What＇s more, the behavior potency may not be invalid and must be abolished.

关 键 词：法学 民商法学 乘人之危 交易安全 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]