慢性酒精中毒性肌病模型的建立  

Establishment of the model of chronic alcoholic myopathy in rats

作　　者：王剑锋[1] 程学英[1] 初海鹰[2] 金伟[2] 白燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连市中心医院神经内二科,116033 [2]大连医科大学组胚教研室,116027

出　　处：《中华神经医学杂志》2006年第4期382-385,共4页Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅高等学校科学研究项目(20040108)

摘　　要：目的建立慢性酒精中毒性肌病的动物模型。方法雄性SD大鼠80只,随机分为两组,实验组65只,对照组15只。实验组给予酒精灌胃,使大鼠摄入的蛋白:脂肪:碳水化合物:酒精(能量比)=18:35:11:36,此比例与国外Lieber-Decarli液体饲料中各成分能量比相同;对照组用含与酒精相等能量的蔗糖灌胃,两组大鼠均喂饲改良的全营养高脂饲料。10周后,将大鼠后肢肌活检组织分别进行称重、组织形态学和肌肉超微结构的观察,并检测肌肉总蛋白和总DNA含量。结果与对照组相比,实验组大鼠肌肉出现了典型的病理改变,肌纤维明显萎缩,尤以Ⅱ型肌纤维为著;在横切面上萎缩的肌纤维呈三角形、条形或不规则形,少数肌纤维坏死,肌间结缔组织增生。实验组与对照组比较,大鼠体重、以Ⅱ型肌纤维为主的肌肉(跖肌)重量、肌肉总蛋白含量和总DNA含量均显著减少(P<0．05), 而以I型肌纤维为主的肌肉的上述指标却无明显差异(P>0．05)。结论用酒精给大鼠灌胃并辅以改良的全营养高脂饲料可以建立理想的慢性酒精中毒性肌病模型,为此病的进一步研究提供了平台。Objective To establish an animal model of chronic alcoholic myopathy in rats. Methods Totally 80 male SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups： experimental group （n=65） and control group （n=15）. All rats were administered intragastrically by gavage. The former were treated with alcohol and the latter with sucrose of equal calories to alcohol. They were given the same improved high-fat food with sufficient nutrition. The ratio of protein：fat：carbohydrate：alcohol （energy ratio） is 18% ：35%： 11%： 36%,which was similar to the Lieber-Decarli fluid food abroad. After 10 weeks, the rat hind-limb muscles of the 2 groups were taken for weighing, histopathologic and electron microscopic observation. A quantitative analysis was carried out for total protein and total DNA of these muscles. Results The rat muscles of the experimental group as compared with the control group showed more obviously atrophy, especially type-Ⅱ fibers. Atrophic fibers displayed a corniform, column or irregular shape in transection; a few muscle fibers showed cellular necrosis; connective tissue between muscles appeared accrementition. There were significant differences between the experimental and the control groups as follows： the body weights [（342.13±10.52）g vs （408.50±9.03）g, P=0.007）], the weights of plantaris which mainly contained the type- Ⅰ] muscle fibers [（0.36±0.01）g vs （0.45±0.03）g, P=0.004], the total protein of the plantaris [（126.55±1.10） mg vs （133.48±2.32）mg, P=0.007] and the total DNA of the plantaris [（325.69±11.95） μg vs （312.59±8.11）μg, P=0.020]. Yet there were no significant changes in soleus between the 2 groups （P〉0.05）. Conclusion The method of treating rats with alcohol by gavage added with improved high-fat food with sufficient nutrition is a suitable way to establish the animal model of chronic alcoholic myopathy, thereby facilitating the further study on the disease.

关 键 词：肌萎缩  酒精性 大鼠 模型 动物 

分 类 号：R-332[医药卫生]