弹射时装显示器头盔对人体的生物力学效应  

Biodynamic effect of helmet with mounted display system on human during ejection

作　　者：吴明磊[1] 马春生[2] 刘威[1] 岳卉[2] 赵广[1] 丛红[1] 王荣娣[1] 李连臣[1] 黄世霖[2] 

机构地区：[1]空军航空医学研究所,北京100036 [2]清华大学汽车碰撞实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2005年第4期267-271,共5页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

基　　金：空军医药卫生"十五"面上项目(01MA058)

摘　　要：目的探索装显示器头盔对人体的生物动力学效应,为制订头盔的设计标准提供依据。方法用HYBRIDⅢ型假人和志愿受试者,佩戴飞行头盔和装显示器飞行头盔,进行了一系列的弹射试验,弹射动力从0．3到0．8 MPa。测得不同弹射加速度作用下的动力学和运动学数据,并计算了严重指数、头损伤指数和动态响应指数。结果研究发现,在人体头、颈、胸及头盔测量的加速度峰值存在明显超调现象;在颞部和头盔上测量的X轴向的加速度,在装显示器时明显增大;动态响应指数与弹射加速度峰值成线性关系;严重指数、头损伤指数与弹射加速度峰值成指数关系。结论当弹射加速度峰值<20 G时,试验中所用的头盔,无论是否装显示器,其动态响应指数、严重指数、头损伤指数、作用于颈椎的压力和剪力都在人体的耐限内。Objective To explore the biodynamic effect of helmet with mounted display system on human, so as to provide basis for establisting standard of the helmet design. Methods Ejection tests with power from 0.3 to 0.8 MPa were performed in HYBRID Ⅲ dummy and volunteers, wearing helmet with/without display system. Dynamic and kinematics data were obtained, and severity index （SI）, head injury criterion （HIC） and dynamic response index （DRI） were derived; Results It was found that the peak acceleration measured over head, neck, thorax and helmet had an obvious overshoot to the seat ejection acceleration. The peak acceleration along X axis measured on helmet and tempora were significantly higher in ease of wearing helmet with display system. DRI had linear relation to peak ejection acceleration （PEA）, while SI and HIC had exponential relation to PEA. Conclusion In ease of PEA 〈20 G, no matter the helmet used in the test with or without display system, DRI, SI, HIC, compressive loading as well as shear neck loading of cervical spine are within the tolerance limit.

关 键 词：弹射座椅 头部防护装置 加速度 生物力学 

分 类 号：R85[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]