咖啡-荔枝混农林系统中小粒咖啡营养诊断及平衡施肥效应研究  

Nutrition diagnosis and balanced application of fertilizers of Coffea arabica L.in coffee-litchi agroforestry.

作　　者：蔡传涛[1] 姚天全[1] 刘宏茂[1] 周庆辉 王华 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园昆明分部,昆明650223 [2]云南省思茅绿洲咖啡有限责任公司,思茅665000

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2006年第2期92-94,共3页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：云南省省院省校科技合作项目(YK99005)部分研究内容

摘　　要：定位试验研究咖啡-荔枝混农林系统中N、P、K不同用量及配比咖啡营养状况结果表明,缺N对小粒咖啡产量影响最大,其次为K,而P的影响较小;喷施微量元素B、Zn可明显增加咖啡产量.N、P、K肥配比为1：0.5：1,咖啡产量随N、P、K用量的增加而提高,鲜果产量为15～30t/hm^2.建议思茅地区小粒咖啡营养诊断指标为N25～30g/kg,P1.0～1.5g/kg,K15～25g/kg,Ca10～12g/kg,Mg2.5～5.0g/kg,Zn10～15mg/kg和B40～50mg/kg;N、P2O5和K2O平衡施肥年最佳用量为N50～100g/株、P2O525～50g/株和K2O50～100g/株.Under different applying amounts and rations of nitrogen（ N）, phosphorus（P）, potassium（K） nutrients, the state of nutritions of Coffea arabica L. in eoffee-litchi agroforestry was studied. It has been found that N is the most important factor of influencing the yield of C. arabica L. ,and K and P are the next respectively. The yield can be improved obviously through spraying appropriate amount of B and Zn elements on the leaves. The ratio of the matching experiments in fertilization level of N, P, K is 1 ： 0.5 ： 1. Otherwise, the yield of C. arabica L. is increased with the increasing dosage of N, P, K, and the yield of fresh fruits is from 15 t/hm^2 to 30 t/hm^2. It has been suggested that the index of nutrition diagnosis of C. arabica L. in Simao region is 25 - 30gN/kg, 1.0 - 1.5gP/kg, 15 - 25gK/kg, 10 - 12gCa/kg, 2.5 - 5.0gMg/kg, 10 15mgZn/kg and 40- 50mgB/kg. The most optimum amounts of fertilizers of N, P205, K20 are 50- 100g, 25 - 50g, 50 100g for a plant in one year respectively.

关 键 词：小粒咖啡 营养诊断 施肥效应 

分 类 号：S792.39[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S571.2[农业科学—林学]