中国儿童乙型肝炎疫苗预防接种效果分析  

Seroepidemiological Study on Hepatitis B in Chinese Children

作　　者：陈园生[1] 梁晓峰[1] 陈丽娟[2] 贺雄[2] 王骏[3] 王晓军[1] 周玉清[1] 郭飚[1] 林长缨[2] 白呼群[4] 严俊[5] 崔钢[5] 于竞进[5] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心免疫规划中心,北京100050 [2]北京市疾病预防控制中心,北京100013 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心公共卫生监测与信息服务中心,北京100050 [4]中国疾病预防控制中心,北京100050 [5]卫生部疾病控制司,北京100044

出　　处：《中国计划免疫》2006年第2期84-87,共4页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：卫生部重大疾病控制支持项目

摘　　要：目的了解中国现阶段儿童乙型肝炎（乙肝）病毒（HBV）感染现状，评价乙肝疫苗（HepB）纳入儿童计划免疫管理所取得的效果。方法利用“2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查”保留的血清开展HBV相关指标血清学检测。以美国Abbott公司乙肝酶联免疫吸附试验（EILSA）试剂为标准选择我国乙肝ELISA检测试剂，并用固相放射免疫（SPRIA）方法校对检测结果。结果①中国3～12岁儿童乙肝病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）阳性率、HBV感染流行率经调整后分别为5．03％、29．10％；疫苗免疫人群分别为3．63％、26．88％；未接种疫苗人群分别为11．19％、47．03％。②中国3～12岁儿童城市、农村HBsAg阳性率分别为2．07％、8．17％；疫苗免疫人群分别为1．96％、6．65％；未接种疫苗人群分别为2．39％、10．84％。结论我国3～12岁儿童HgsAg阳性率、HBV流行率明显下降，HepB纳入儿童计划免疫管理效果显著。Objective To better understand and measure the effect from 10-year immunization activities, we conducted seroepidemiological study using the remaining blood samples of the nationwide survey of Nutrition and Health in Chinese residents in 2002. Methods HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc in blood samples were tested using ELISA reagents and revised by SPRIA and Abbott ELISA reagents. Results Among the children aged 3- 12 year-old, the prevalence rate of HBsAg is 5.03%, the rate of HBV infection is 29.10%. For the vaccinated children, the rates are 3.63% and 26.88 % respectively. For the unvaccinated children, the rates are 11.19 % and 47.03 % respectively. Among the children, the rate of HBsAg is 2.07% in urban areas and 8.17% in rural areas. For the vaccinated children, the rate of HBsAg is 1.96 % in urban areas and 6.65 % in rural areas. For the unvaccinated children, the rate of HBsAg is 2.39 % in urban areas and 10.84 % in rural areas. Conclusion The prevalence rates of HBsAg and HBV infection have obviously declined in the children aged 3 - 12 year-old. And the effect from 10-years immunization activities has achieved great success.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 血清流行病学 乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原 乙型肝炎疫苗 预防接种 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.62[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]