比武招亲——一个带有侠义色彩的江湖规则的人类学依据母题  

Competition for Marriage in Martial Skills——An Anthropological Motif with Chivalrous Spirit and the Worldly Rule

作　　者：王立[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连大学语言文学研究所,辽宁大连116622

出　　处：《山西大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2006年第3期68-74,共7页Journal of Shanxi University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：2002年度国家社会科学基金项目"佛经文学与古代小说母题比较研究"子课题(02BZW022)

摘　　要：“成婚考验”是多发性、多重文化意味的叙事母题。今存汉语文本最早一则“比武招亲”故事,来自中古佛经。比武招亲情节性强、易于构成悬念,体现了一般性的民间习俗仪则,还多方面地表现出江湖亚文化伦理精神,有着多样性的认识价值。该母题使侠文学世界平添了不少喜剧氛围,给英雄命运增加了幸运因素,整个故事遂带有浓郁的史诗色彩。女性比武招亲往往需要具备如下条件:小姐有婚配理想化追求,小姐父母同意女儿择婿,女方往往是武术世家,有经济实力,在当地有较大势力,求亲男子要以武德服人,等等,实际上,招亲比武胜败,多操纵在比武女性自己手里。The motif that one man must be subjected to difficult tests before he gets married appear frequently and contain multiple cultural meaning. One of the first story about competition for marriage in martial skills comes from the medieval buddhist scripture. The motif has a complicated and suspenseful plot. Besides, it incarnates the rule of run - of- the - mill folkway and puts up ethical spirit of the worldly culture. So we can understand it in many ways. Thanks to it imparting added comedy rosiness in the knight - errant literature and increasing the hero＇s fortune in his kismet, so the whole story become epic literature. For womenfolk, competition for marriage in martial skills consists of several qualifications. The first, the woman is romantic in marriage; second, her parents agree to her idea; third, she comes from a good and well- known family of martial arts, powerful and richly; lastly, the man must be proved to be elevated in character, etc. In fact, the woman can be the decisive factor in this game.

关 键 词：比武招亲 母题 武侠文化 佛经故事 江湖规则 

分 类 号：I0-03[文学—文学理论]