中国优秀男子柔道运动员身体成分特征及与无氧代谢能力关系的研究  

The Research on the relationships between Characteristics of Body Composition and Anaerobic Metabolism Capacity of Chinese Elite Male Judo Athletes

作　　者：高炳宏[1] 韩恩力[2] 曹佩江 

机构地区：[1]上海体育科学研究所,上海200030 [2]廊坊师范学院体育系,廊坊065000 [3]江苏体育科学研究所,南京210000

出　　处：《天津体育学院学报》2006年第3期220-224,共5页Journal of Tianjin University of Sport

摘　　要：目的:探讨我国优秀男子柔道运动员身体成分特征及与无氧代谢能力的关系。方法:以中国国家男子柔道队59名优秀运动员为研究对象,采用InBody3.0多频分段生物电阻抗身体成分测试仪(韩国Biospace公司)进行身体成分的测定,采用30sWingate测定无氧代谢能力。结果:我国优秀男子柔道运动员身体成分特点为低体脂率,高瘦体重;体脂百分比、瘦体重和肌肉重量等指标表现出明显的体重级别特征;与拳击、跆拳道、摔跤等项目运动员相比,体脂百分比较低,瘦体重/体重、肌肉重量/体重比值较高。同时,健将运动员肌肉的爆发力和速度耐力均优于一级运动员;体重、瘦体重、肌肉重量和蛋白总量都与PP、AP和Pd呈高度正相关,同时肌肉重量与PP和AP表现出更高的相关性。结论:我国优秀男子柔道运动员身体成分具有明显的项目特征,同时运动员的最大做功和运动能力与肌肉的体积关系密切。Objective：To investigate the relationships between characteristics of body composition and anaerobic metabolism capacity of the Chinese elite male judo athletes. Methods： Taking 59 athletes of national male Judo players as the subjects, the researcher determined and analyzed their body composition and anaerobic metabolism capacity through the experimental methods （metabolism during 30-s Wingate tests and instrument of InBody 3.0）. Results： Characteristics of body composition showed that body fat is low, but free-body weight is high. With the rising of the performance, the free-bodyweight / bodyweight also increase, but the body fat is going down. The body-fat and free-bodyweight of athletes increase progressively with the rise of category. Comparing with elite boxer, Taekwondo, wrestler, the body fat of the Judo athletes is lower, hut the free-bodyweight / bodyweight is higher. Meanwhile, the bodyweight,free-bodyweight, muscle mass and total proteins have a significant correlation with the PP,AP and Pd（r=0.606-0.868, P〈0.01- 0.001 ）. Conclusion： Body composition of the Chinese elite male Judo athletes had quite distinct characteristics, at the same time, their make out power and physical capability have a significant correlation with their muscle masses.

关 键 词：柔道 男子 优秀运动员 身体成分 无氧代谢能力 

分 类 号：G804.7[文化科学—运动人体科学] G804.49[文化科学—体育学]