上颌单侧第一前磨牙代替尖牙龈缘线和牙齿形态的美学研究  

Aesthetic evaluation of gingival line and crown shape of first premolar instead of canine in unilateral maxilla

作　　者：张艳[1] 段银钟[1] 袁峰[1] 曾光[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学口腔医学院正畸科,陕西西安710033

出　　处：《第四军医大学学报》2006年第10期908-910,共3页Journal of the Fourth Military Medical University

摘　　要：目的观察上颌单侧第一前磨牙代替尖牙后龈缘线高度和牙齿形态的变化,为正畸临床治疗此类患者提供理论基础和参考依据.方法实验组选取临床因正畸治疗需要采用上颌单侧第一前磨牙代替尖牙的病例22(男9,女13)例,平均年龄17.6岁;对照组为上述22例患者的上颌对侧尖牙.测量关于正畸治疗后上颌第一前磨牙和对侧尖牙的龈缘线高度和牙齿形态的6项指标龈缘线高度、临床冠长度、宽度、单侧前牙列宽度、轴倾度和近远中边缘嵴比,进行两均数配对t检验,观察分析两组的差异.结果除近、远中边缘嵴比无统计学意义外,其他各项测量指标均显示两者有明显差异(P<0.01).临床冠平均长度、宽度、龈缘线平均高度、单侧前牙列平均宽度和平均轴倾度,第一前磨牙比尖牙减小分别为2.28,1.00,1.88,0.95mm和4.07°.结论上颌第一前磨牙在临床上可以代替尖牙,与对侧尖牙相比,二者的龈缘线和牙齿形态均有明显差异,影响前牙美观,临床上必须进行牙冠形态的修整.AIM： To assess the change of gingival line and the shape of the first premolar instead of canine in unilateral maxilla, as so to provide some theoretical reference for clinical treatment. METHODS： Twenty-two patients （male 9, female 13 ） with the upper first premolars instead of canines were selected. Their teeth were divided into 2 groups ： experiment group （ the first premolars instead of canines）, control group （ contralateral canines）. The length, width, axial gradient for the crowns, the heigh of gingival line,the width of anterior dentition and the ratio of crista marginalis of their teeth were measured and analysed in their photographs and dental casts after orthodontic treatment. Differences between the 2 groups were evaluated in a paired t-test. RESULTS： Compared with the control group, significant differences were found in the 5 linear and proportional, angulars measurements in the 2 groups （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, except the ratio of crista marginalis. In comparison with 5 parameters of control group,the length of clinic crown of the first premolars decreased by 2.28 mm in average ; the width of clinic crown decreased by 1.00 mm in average; the height of gingival line decreased by 1.88 mm in average; the width of anterior dentition decreased by 0.95 mm in average ; the axial gradient of the first premolars decreased by 4.07°in average. CONCLUSION： The first premolars can replace the canines but affect the aesthetics. So crown restoration is needed.

关 键 词：第一前磨牙 尖牙 龈缘线 

分 类 号：R783.5[医药卫生—口腔医学]