动词否定句的几个问题  

Several Problems about Negative Verbal Sentences

作　　者：郎大地[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学人文与社会科学学院,南京210016

出　　处：《语言研究》2006年第2期69-73,共5页Studies in Language and Linguistics

摘　　要：汉语的否定句对应于逻辑上直言否定命题和复合命题中的负命题两种不同类型的命题。单句语义上常可以分析为逻辑上的复合命题,这样的否定句中否定算子的辖域只能是全句所反映的复合命题而不是某一个成分所反映的子命题。显示否定句的焦点不仅在语用上有与肯定句相同的强调功能,语义上还有肯定焦点所在选言支,明确语义关系的作用。Negative sentences in Chinese are corresponding to two kinds of different propositions in logic.They are categorical negative proposition and the negative proposition of compound proposition.Simple sentences are often analysed as logical compound propositions in semantics.Instead of being a sub-proposition reflected by a certain element,the scope of the negative operator in this negative sentence is only the compound proposition reflected by the whole sentence.Showing the focus of negative sentences does not only have the same emphatic function of affirmative sentences in pragmatics,but also in semantics has the function of deciding the branch of disjunctive proposition which the focus is in and making the semantic relation clear.

关 键 词：否定句 动词 汉语 强调功能 语义关系 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]