作为世界假设的语境论  

Contextualism as a World Hypothesis

作　　者：魏屹东[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学科学技术哲学研究中心哲学社会学学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2006年第3期39-45,共7页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目"当代科学哲学的发展趋势研究"(04JZD0004)成果之一。

摘　　要：美国哲学家Pepper的根隐喻理论是形式论、机械论、有机论和语境论这些世界假设的基础。形式论的根隐喻是形式的相似性,机械论的根隐喻是机器,有机论的根隐喻是有机生长,语境论的根隐喻是历史事件。语境论是Pepper极力倡导的一种重要的整体论哲学学说,“变化”和“新奇”是其主要概念,并由这两个概念衍生出一套亚概念,用来说明事件的变化和发展。语境论的优点在于着眼于现实目标的分析,缺点是分析范围广,精确性弱。American philosopher Stephen C.Pepper firstly put forward the theory of root metaphor in 1942,which offers a base for those world hypotheses such as formism,mechanism,organism and contextualism.These world hypotheses' root metaphors are respectively 'form','machine','organic development',and 'historical event'. Pepper was a contextualist,and his contextual theory's main concepts are 'change 'and 'novelty' which have entailed a set of subcategories.There are two kinds of contextualisms,one is descriptive,and the other is functional.The strength of contextualism is its analyses of practical goals,and its weaknesses are strong on scope but weak on precision.The essence of contextualism is pragmatism.

关 键 词：PEPPER 根隐喻 世界假设 语境论 

分 类 号：N301[自然科学总论]