中华绒螯蟹幼体发育阶段对淀粉营养需要的研究  

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DIETARY AMYLUM CONTENT ON GROWTH AND AMYLASE ACTIVITY OF ERIOCHEIR SINENSIS LARVAE

作　　者：潘鲁青[1] 肖国强[1] 张红霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,青岛266003

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2006年第3期327-332,共6页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30100140);教育部博士点基金项目(2000042303);山东省自然科学基金项目(Y98D15063)资助

摘　　要：本实验研究了饲料中淀粉含量对中华绒螯蟹幼体生长发育与淀粉酶活力的影响。结果表明:饲料中不同淀粉含量对中华绒螯蟹幼体存活率、变态率和增重量的影响显著(P<0.05),但影响的程度各不相同。中华绒螯蟹各期幼体在变态后0—20h内,幼体淀粉酶活力的变化呈上升(Z1、Z2、Z3、Z4)或下降(Z5、M)趋势,且饲料中淀粉含量对幼体淀粉酶活力变化有显著影响(P<0.05);不同淀粉含量的饲料投喂4h后,各期幼体淀粉酶活力出现相应变化,至12h后,各处理组幼体淀粉酶活力的变化趋于稳定。结合幼体生长发育和淀粉酶的适应性,得出Z1、Z2、Z3、Z4、Z5、M的适宜淀粉需求量分别为18%、22%、18%、18%—22%、18%、14%—18%。This paper studied the effects of different dietary amylum content on growth and protease activity of Eriocheir sinensis larvae. Experimental diets were prepared with casein, gelatin, dextrin, fish oil, vitamin mixtures and mineral mixtures, dried at 60℃, then crushed to yield fine particles, and coated with 400 mL cyclohexane which had been saturated with 4.5g cholesterol. The amlymum content of diets （A1-A6） was 6%-26%, which sieved for the desired particle sizes （160μm, 120μm, 100μm, 60μm, and 40μm for Z1 , Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5 and M stages respectively）. The results showed that that if Eriocheir sinensis larvae were fed diets of different amylum content, their survival, metamorphic rate and weight gain all changed significantly （ P 〈 0.05）, but the amount of change differed. Larvae survival was highest during Z3 metamorphosed to Z4. During the 20h post-metamorphosis of every stage of Eriocheir sinensis larvae, the amylase activity increased at Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4, and declined at Z5 and M, meanwhile the amylase activity was influenced significantly by the amylum content in diets （ P 〈 0.05）. In addition, amylase activity of larvae at every stage changed corresponding to various dietary amylum content after 4h since the larvae were fed, and the change tended to be stable after 12h. And there was a significant positive correlation between dietary amylum content and larval amylase activity within a certain range, which suggested an obvious flexibility of amylase of Eriocheir sinensis larvae to amylum content. However, the larvae could only digest or utilize a quantity of amylum within the limit of the activity of excreted amylum or the digestive capability of larvae. So we chose the dietary groups with higher amylase activity and lower amylum content as the optimum range of amylum requirements of each stage larvae, basing on the relationship of larval amylase to the dietary amylum. Meanwhile, we should also take into consideration that the larvae are digesting and utilizing the dietary nutriti

关 键 词：淀粉含量 中华绒螯蟹 幼体 生长发育 淀粉酶 

分 类 号：S963.3[农业科学—水产养殖]