安徽省0～5岁儿童亚临床维生素A缺乏患病率及其影响因素  

Sub-clinical vitamin A deficiency in children agetl 0 to 5 years:prevalence and risk factors

作　　者：张业武[1,2] 陶芳标[3] 尹惠萍[4] 朱晓明[4] 计国平[4] 孔圣华[4] 宋清华[4] 陈建华[4] 储诚志[4] 李竹[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学生育健康研究所 [2]安徽省妇幼保健所,安徽合肥230061 [3]安徽省医科大学儿少卫生和妇幼卫生系 [4]安徽省妇幼保健所

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2006年第3期241-243,共3页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

摘　　要：[目的]描述安徽省儿童亚临床维生素A缺乏(sub-clinical vitamin A deficiency,SVAD)患病率分布情况,分析其影响因素,为当地制定维生索A(vitamin A,VA)缺乏防治措施提供科学依据。[方法]抽样调查安徽省1市4县1052名6岁以下儿童。以微量荧光法测定其血清VA含量(SROL),通过问卷调查儿童的社会家庭因素、喂养情况、近期患病等情况。[结果] 加权调整后,0-5岁儿童SVAD患病率为5．8％,农村(7．7％)高于城市(2．1％);SVAD患病率随年龄组增加有逐渐降低趋势, 其中0-岁(11．8％)和1-岁组(8．3％)高发;男女儿童之间患病率差别无显著性。多因素分析结果表明母亲职业为农民(OR= 0．30,95％CI:0．12-0．80),家庭规模(4-5人OR=3．03,95％CI:1．51-6．10;6人及以上OR=4．06,95％CI:1．72-9．58)以及母乳喂养(OR=2．44,95％CI:1．02-5．86)为儿童SVAD影响因子。[结论]SVAD在人群和地区中分布不平衡。将防治重点放在农村、低龄、家庭规模大的儿童,在乳母和母乳喂养儿童增补VA制剂,加强营养知识宣传普及等措施对防治儿童SVAD可能有积极意义。[Objective] To measure the prevalence and risk factors for sub-clinical vitamin A deficiency（SVAD） in children aged 0 to 5 years in Anhui province. [Methods] A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 1052 children aged 6 to 71 monthsin December, 2002 in Anhui province. Capillary blood specimens were taken and fluorescent spectrophotometry method was used to measure the serum retinol. Parents or caretakers were asked to answer a pre-designed questionnaire for socioeconomic status, peri-natal care, breastfceding status, morbidity histories of children and other related factors for families and mothers. Semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to investigate the child dietary intakes in previous one week before survey. Samples were weighted using Horvitz -Thompson post stratification theorem, and data were analyzed using survey data analysis models in STATA 8. 0. [Resells] The weighted prevalence of SVAD was 5.8%（95%CI.. 4.4-7.7）. The prevalence of SVAD was 7.7% in rural areas and 2. 1% in urban areas. The prevalence of SVAD decreased with the increment of age groups with the highest in the 0-and 1-age groups （11.8% and 8.3%, respectively）. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that living in families with 4-5 members （OR=3.03,95%CI：1.51-6.10）, living in families with 6 and more members（OR= 4.06,95%CI：1.72-9. 58）, and hreastfeeding （OR=2.44,95%CI：1.02-5.86） increased the risk of SVAD and having a non-farmer mother （OR=0.30, 95%CI： 0.12-0. 80）decreased the risk of SVAD. [Conclusions] The distributions of SVAD were unbalance in term of peoples and areas. Much attention should be paid to those children living in rural areas, having a large family, aged less than 2 years and breastfed. Supplementation of vitamin A preparations to the breastfeeding mothers and breastfed children, and health education about nutritional knowledge among the high risk population in rural areas may be an effective way to reduce the prevalence of SVAD in children.

关 键 词：维生素A缺乏症 患病率 危险因素 母乳喂养 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]