管氏肿腿蜂对黄粉甲的寄生行为  

The parasitizing behavior of Scleroderma guani Xiao et Wu (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) wasps on Tenebrio molitor pupae

作　　者：贺凯[1] 徐志强[1] 代平礼[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学昆虫学系,北京100094 [2]中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所,北京100093

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2006年第3期454-460,共7页Acta Entomologica Sinica

摘　　要：在人工扩繁条件下观察管氏肿腿蜂Scleroderma guani对中间寄主黄粉甲Tenebrio molitor的寄生行为,其过程可分为：搜寻-识别-螯刺-清理和取食-产卵-护幼.雌蜂在寄生黄粉甲蛹时上蜂速度和螯刺率变异大,上蜂前时间为1.4～7.0天,螯刺率为8.7%～91.7%,影响两者的因素包括：雌蜂的交配状况、寄主状况及繁育温度等.蜂毒螯入寄主后可使其组织不腐烂而适于被寄生,被螯刺后的蛹可表现为“保鲜”状态,平均“保鲜”时间为12.6天.蜂在蛹体的平均产卵量为30粒,最多为91粒.蜂卵在蛹体上分布合理,有利于幼虫有效利用寄主营养并避免拥挤和取食竞争.母蜂对幼虫期的发育具保护行为,包括护卵和保护幼虫正常发育并能搬运老熟幼虫集中结茧化蛹.The parasitizing Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus behavior of the bathyluid was investigated in Scleroderma guani on the pupa of the yellow mealworm, laboratory. The parasitism process was divided into six stages, i. e. assembling, recognition, stinging, clearing and feeding, oviposition and protecting protelean bathylid. The recognition and stinging of the female bathylid to the pupa have much difference between female individuals. The time before stinging the host is 1.4 - 7.0 d , and the rate of the stinging is 8.7% - 91.7%. The influence factors on the recognition and stinging rate included the female mating, host freshness and temperature. The stinging could keep the host alive and fresh, and made them suitable to be parasitized by the bathylid. On the average, the pupa of yellow mealworm was kept fresh for 12.6 days after being stinged. The average number of laying eggs for the S. guani is 30, and the biggest is 91. The eggs in the pupa body were evenly distributed, and this to facilitated the use of host nutrition by larvae of the bathylid. The female showed the behavior of protecting protelean bathylid, including protecting eggs and mustering old larvae.

关 键 词：管氏肿腿蜂 黄粉甲 中间寄主 寄生行为 母蜂护幼 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]