优秀速滑运动员弯道蹬冰技术的运动学分析  

Kinematical Analysis on Turning Course Ice-pedaling Skill of Elite Speed Skaters

作　　者：赵春花[1] 陈民盛[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学体育教研中心,吉林长春130021 [2]东北师范大学体育学院,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2006年第3期122-124,共3页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：国家体育总局奥运攻关项目(03037)。

摘　　要：通过运动生物力学的方法对世界优秀速滑运动员的弯道蹬冰技术进行了运动学分析,结果认为:优秀速滑运动员运用Clap式冰刀时的展膝程度并非传统认识上的充分伸直,而与采用传统冰刀时的展膝程度相似。蹬冰结束瞬间膝角在149.9°±6.63°～158.4°±4.83°之间。由此推测,Clap式冰刀与传统冰刀在下肢蹬伸技术动作上的差异并不是由膝关节所引起,可能与踝关节和髋关节蹬伸技术动作的改变有更大的关联性;提供了用起蹬条件作为判断和评价运动员蹬冰初始条件的方法,依此推测了下肢关节的有效蹬伸范围。Through using the method of biomechanics, this paper made kinematical analysis on turning course ice pedaling skill of world elite speed skaters. The result showed that when skaters used the clap skates, their knees didn＇t stretch thoroughly as people＇s traditional thinking. The knee angle was 149.9±6.63～158.4±4.83 right after finishing the pedaling. Therefore, it can be inferred that difference of pedaling skill of low limbs between clap and traditional skate was not caused by knee, and probably had great related with pedaling skill of ankle and hip. It offered a method to judge and evaluate the initial pedaling condition of skaters based on condition of startup and effective range of pedaling at low limb joints was concluded.

关 键 词：速度滑冰 优秀运动员 技术 运动学分析 

分 类 号：G862.1[文化科学—体育训练]