绿色热塑性木薯淀粉材料制备与性能  

Preparation and Properties of Green Thermoplastic Tapioca Starch Materials

作　　者：黄明福[1] 王洪媛[2] 于九皋[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学化工与环境学院,北京100081 [2]北京师范大学环境学院,北京100875 [3]天津大学理学院,天津300072

出　　处：《北京理工大学学报》2006年第6期549-552,共4页Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology

基　　金：教育部博士学科点专项科研基金资助课题(200200556018)

摘　　要：用尿素和乙醇胺作为混合塑化剂对木薯淀粉进行塑化,制备绿色热塑性木薯淀粉材料(GTSM).扫描电镜表明,混合塑化剂尿素和乙醇胺已经渗透到木薯淀粉颗粒内部,塑化了木薯淀粉,使其颗粒被破坏,成为均一连续相.将不同塑化剂含量的GTSM在相对湿度为50%的环境下保存10 d,力学测试得出:质量分数为30%塑化剂的GTSM应力为8.51 MPa,应变为74.2%,杨氏模量为102.5 MPa,断裂能为2.309 N.m;X射线衍射说明GTSM长时间放置没有发生结晶行为,不影响材料的力学性能.TG分析得出质量分数20%,30%,40%塑化剂的GTSM在分解温度前质量分数的损失分别为15.61%,15.98%和19.74%,材料的稳定性逐渐变差.Green matrials have been successfully fabricated from tapioca starch using urea and ethanolamine as the plasticizers. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） showed that the original tapioca starch granule was destroyed, mixed plasticizer penetrated into the granule interior, successfully plasticizing the tapioca starch, and made it into a uniformly continuous phase. When the GTSM with different plasticizer contents stayed at a relative humidity of 50% for 10 d, mechanical testing indicated that the mechanical properties of GTSM with 30 % mixed plasticizer appeared to be the best, the tensile stress, strain, Young＇s modulus and breaking energy reached 8.51 MPa, 74.2%, 102.5 MPa and 2. 309 N＇m, respectively. X-ray analysis revealed that the mixed plasticizer could effectively restrain the tapioca starch from retrogradation of GTSM. When the plasticizer mass content was 20 %, 30% and 40%, thermogravimetric analysis （TGA） showed that the lost weight of GTSM was 15.61%, 15.98% and 19.74%, in turn, and the thermostability of materials degraded.

关 键 词：木薯淀粉 “绿色”材料 尿素 乙醇胺 

分 类 号：TB838[一般工业技术—摄影技术] Q27[生物学—细胞生物学]