一个“差异人群”的群体素描与社会身份建构:当代城市报纸对“农民工”新闻报道的叙事分析  

Portraying a "Group of Difference":A Narrative Analysis of News Coverage on "PIL" in China's Urban Newspapers

作　　者：李艳红[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学传播与设计学院

出　　处：《新闻与传播研究》2006年第2期2-14,共13页Journalism & Communication

基　　金：中山大学桐山基金青年项目资助

摘　　要：以广州市的四家日报为例,本文运用叙事分析的方式考察了我国当代城市新闻媒体对于农民工这一城市“差异人群”的“再现”或曰群体素描,并分析了这些“再现”对于该群体之社会身份形成及在城市社会获得文化认可所造成的意义和影响。基本的发现是:我国城市报纸采用了高度类型化的叙事方式,进而产制了高度类型化的公共形象,其中得到最频繁再现的形象是“受难形象”和“负面行为者”形象。这两种叙事和形象具有不同的社会文化后果,其中,“受难叙事”和受难形象有助于农民工群体自身主体经验的表达,并促进了城市社会对农民工群体的理解和认同;负面行为叙事和负面形象则倾向于将农民工再现为城市社会的“威胁”和“麻烦”,抑制了农民工群体的主体经验表达,并阻碍了农民工在城市社会获得文化承认。本文比较了不同市场取向报纸在上述方面之表现的差异,提出了改进对“差异人群”进行新闻报道的可能途径。Based on narrative analysis of news coverage of the Peasant Immigrant Labour (PIL)group in four urban dailies in Guangzhou, this study explores how China's urban media portray the Peasant PIL, the group that is identified as different from mainstream urban dwellers in China. It also analyses the implication and influences of the news portrayal upon the social identity formation of this group and it's recognition by the urban cities. The paper asserts that on one hand, urban newspaper s cultivate spaces for the group to express its experiences and subjectivities by producing frequent 'suffering narratives' and suffering images, thus facilitate the urban members'cultural recognition of this group, on the other, they prohibit the subjectivity of this group by representing the group as 'threat'and 'trouble' based on their frequent 'negative' narratives thus prohibited the group to be accepted by urban groups culturally.

关 键 词：农民工群体 “农民工” 叙事分析 城市报纸 新闻报道 社会身份 人群 当代 素描 公共形象 

分 类 号：G212[文化科学—新闻学]