一株椭圆小球藻对微囊藻生长的竞争抑制研究  

Inhibiting Effect of Chlorella ellipsoidea on Growth of Microcystis aeruginosa Through Competing for Nutrients.

作　　者：宦海琳[1] 王一宇[1] 韩岚[1] 李建宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学生命科学学院江苏省生物多样性与生物技术重点实验室,江苏南京210097

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2006年第3期29-32,共4页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金(2003);人事部留学回国人员科技活动择优资助项目(2005)

摘　　要：采用Chl b/Chl a比值指示2种藻相对数量的方法研究了一株椭圆小球藻(Chlorella ellipsoidea)与铜绿微囊藻(M icrocystis aeruginosa)之间的生长竞争关系。结果表明,分别在20和30℃条件下,BG-11培养基中和发生水华的天然湖水中小球藻的生长均远高于微囊藻。在低光照下,小球藻也同样具有较高的生长竞争能力。小球藻不是通过产生毒害物质而获得生长竞争优势,2种藻对氮磷吸收利用的研究结果显示:在高氮含量的BG-11培养基中,2种藻对氮的利用无显著差异,但小球藻对磷的吸收能力远高于微囊藻;将BG-11培养基中氮含量减少至原来的1/10,与微囊藻相比,小球藻对氮磷均具有较高的吸收。可见,小球藻是通过竞争氮磷营养而抑制微囊藻生长。因此,利用椭圆小球藻的种间生长竞争优势来抑制微囊藻具有潜在的可利用性。Toxic Microcystis blooms have caused extensive ecological damage to aquatic environment. Biological control is recommended to be a potential approach. Chlorella ellipsoidea was screened out for analysis of its inhibiting effect on Microcystis growth. Mixed culture of C. ellipsoidea,a strain isolated from waste water,and Microcystis PCC 7806 was carried out to observe competitive growth of two species. Chlorophyll-a/chlorophyll-b ratio was used as an indicator to estimate peroentage of C. ellipsoidea in the mixed culture. Results show that C. ellipsoidea grew faster than Microcystis at either 20 or 30℃ in BG-11 medium. In water from a Microcystis blooming lake, C. ellipsoidea displayed stronger competitiveness over Microcystis. The same phenomenon was observed under low light intensity. No evidence was found that C. ellipsoidea produced any toxic substance that inhibits Microcystis. To compare two organisms in ability to use nutrients, absorptions of nitrogen and phosphorus were measured. Results show that C. ellipsoidea absorbed more phosphorus obviously than Microcystis in BG-11, although they were the same in nitrogen absorption. When N concentration in BG-11 was reduced to one-tenth, a low nitrogen condition, C. ellipsoidea still absorbed more nitrogen and phosphorus than Microcystis, demonstrating that C. ellipsoidea is more capable of absorbing nutrients, thus resulting in the growth inhibition of Microcystis in mixed culture. It is, therefore,feasible to make use of the superiority of C. ellipsoidea in interspecies competition for growth to control Microcystis bloom.

关 键 词：椭圆小球藻 铜绿微囊藻 生长竞争 低光照 氮 磷 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] Q178.1[生物学—水生生物学]