国家队激流回旋运动员腰背肌筋膜炎患病的相关因素  

Related factors of back myofascitis in the national athletes of canoe slalom

作　　者：贺新武[1] 王爱华[1] 

机构地区：[1]烟台师范学院体育学院,山东省烟台市264025

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2006年第32期38-40,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的:调查国家队激流回旋运动员腰背肌筋膜炎的患病率及治疗方法和治疗效果,并提出了相应的预防措施和建议。方法:①于2002/2004对国家队23名激流回旋运动员进行了两年的跟踪检查,了解腰背肌筋膜炎的患病率。②对有腰背肌筋膜炎的运动员进行治疗,包括温热式低周波治疗器治疗、外用中药(选用川乌头、天南星、生半夏、乳香、没药、独活、马钱子、红花等)治疗,急性损伤疼痛严重者普鲁卡因封闭治疗,筋膜粘连者给予剥离手术,6～12d为1个疗程,一般治疗一两个疗程。观察疗效。③在跟踪检查和治疗的两年的训练中,增加了肌肉牵伸性练习,并加强训练后腰背部肌肉筋膜的放松及疲劳的恢复,在后1年的训练中观察腰背肌筋膜炎的患病率,以了解其预防效果。结果:23名运动员全部进入结果分析。①腰背肌筋膜炎患病率为39%(9/23),其中男性2例,女性7例。痛点集中在腰背部、肩背部。②9例患者中有8例采用温热或低周波治疗器,外用中药,1例属顽固病例,采取手术疗法。经过1到2个疗程治疗,9例中8例痊愈,治愈率89%。③增加了肌肉牵伸性练习并注意预防后,在后一年的训练中腰背肌筋膜炎的患病率下降为13%。结论:皮划艇激流回旋运动员中腰背肌筋膜炎的发生率较高,易伤部位集中在腰背部、肩背部。在训练中做好预防工作,肌肉牵伸性练习可明显降低损伤发生率。AIM： To investigate the case rate, therapies and curative effect of myofascitis of back （MB） in athletes of national canoe slalom team and put forward relative preventive measurement and suggestions. METHODS： ①The following detections for 23 athletes of national canoe slalom team were performed from 2002 to 2004 to explore the case rate of MB. ②The athletes with MB were treated by Low Frequency Therapeutic Apparatus and Chinese herbs for external use （chuanwutou, tianrumxing, shengbanxia, ruxiang, moyao, duhuo, maqianzi, honghua and so on）; Those with serious acute injured pain were treated with Procaine block therapy and those with fascia adhesion were given decollement with 6-12 days as a course for one or two courses. The curative effect was observed. ③The training during the two years of following detection and treatment added the extension exercise of muscle, and enhanced the training of relaxation of fascia of back and recovery from fatigue; The case rate of MB was observed in the latter one year to analyze the preventive effect. RESULTS： All the 23 athletes were involved in the result analysis. ①The ease rate of MB was 39% （9/23）, including 2 males and 5 females. The pain spots centralized in the back and shoulders. ②In the 9 patients, 8 ones were treated with Low Frequency Therapeutic Apparatus and Chinese herbs for external use and 1 of intractable case with operation. After 1 to 2 courses of treatment, 8 ones in the 9 patients were cured with curative rate of 89%. ③The stretched exercise decreased the case rate of MB to 13% in the latter 1 year of training. CONCLUSION： The athletes of canoe slalom have high case rate of MB, which mainly centralizes in back and shoulders. The prevention and stretched exercise in training can significantly decrease the incidence rate of injury.

关 键 词：运动损伤 肌筋膜疼痛综合征 腰骶部 

分 类 号：R339.4[医药卫生—人体生理学]