酶催化反应在立体有机合成中的应用  

Application of Enzyme Catalysis in the Stereo-organic Synthesis

作　　者：李纪敏[1] 李正名[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津南开大学元素有机化学研究所

出　　处：《合成化学》1996年第4期352-357,共6页Chinese Journal of Synthetic Chemistry

摘　　要：讨论了水解酶、交换酶以及氧化还原酶催化的位置、对映和潜手性立体专一的反应，包括酶催化的醇或酯的水解反应、酯交换反应、含羰基的化合物及活泼双键的还原反应、ＳＰ￣３杂化的碳及烯的氧化反应（包括Ｂａｙｅｒ－Ｖｉｌｌｉｎｇｅｒ氧化反应）。回顾了酶立体选择性地合成某些重要目标结构的生物催化方法，讨论了酶催化反应的生物合成前景。参考文献１８篇。Synthetic organic chemistry currentiy requires a wide range of reactions that should proceed with high degree of enantio-,regio-,and chemo-selectivity and result in high yield of products. In this context,the use of enzymes as catalysts for buildins the sythons of biologically active compounds.The enzyme-assisted organic synthesis involves a relatively simple procedure and compounds in a fairly high state of purity are obtained.The following processsm are discussed in this article,factors involved in controlling and predicting this structural specificity and storeospecificity of synthetically useful enzymes,includins pig liver sterase,exploring regioselectivity,enantiomeric spocificity and prochiral stereospecificity of hydrolases,transferases and oxido-reductase catalized reactions,including enzyme-catalized hydrolysis of alcohols and esters,lipase catalysed trans-esterification with activated and nonactivated acyl donors in organic solvents, reduction of carbonyl compounds and activated double bonds,finally,oxidition of sp￣3 carbons and alkenes,also including Baeyer-Villiser Oxiditions.The use of these biocatalytic metheds for the stereocontrolled preparation of important target structures is reviewed and some of the future development of the biotransformation area are discussed. 18 references are presented.

关 键 词：酶催化 对映选择性 位置选择性 有机合成 

分 类 号：O621.3[理学—有机化学] O643.3[理学—化学]