淀粉十二烷基苷表面活性剂的合成、性能及应用  

Synthesis and Properties of Starch Base Dodecyl Polyglycoside Surfactant

作　　者：吕生华[1] 杨权荣[1] 李芳[1] 马文杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学资源与环境学院,陕西咸阳712081

出　　处：《精细化工》2006年第8期752-756,共5页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(2004B03);陕西科技大学科研创新团队建设项目(SUST-A03)~~

摘　　要：以白油和对甲基苯磺酸分别为分散介质和催化剂,淀粉和十二醇为原料,用一步法合成了淀粉十二烷基苷表面活性剂,用洗涤和离心分离的方法对产物进行了分离提纯。研究了白油和对甲苯磺酸的用量、反应时间和反应温度对淀粉十二烷基苷性能的影响。结果表明,在淀粉和十二醇的用量分别为40 g和41.3 g、白油和催化剂的用量分别为20 g和0.7 g、反应温度为115℃、反应时间为5 h时,所得淀粉十二烷基苷的相对分子质量为4 346,产率为90%,颜色浅淡。FTIR谱图表明,淀粉与十二醇进行了苷化反应生成淀粉十二烷基苷,同时还发生了降解反应、开环反应。将淀粉十二烷基苷应用于山羊服装革的加脂,应用革的SEM表明,淀粉十二烷基苷对皮纤维有较好的分散能力,应用革丰满、柔软、着色性能好,增厚率达13.2%。Using white oil as dispersant, starch base dodecyl polyglycoside; surfactants were synthesized by one-step glycosidation reaction of starch and dodecanol in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst. The product was separated and purified by washing with diethyl ether and centrifugalization. The proper technology parameters are starch 40 g, dodecanol 41.3g, white oil 20 g, catalyst 0. 7 g, reaction time 5 h ,and reaction temperature 115 ℃. Relative molecular weight of the product is 4 346 and the yield is 90%. FTIR results show that the glycosidation reaction is accompanied by ring - opening reaction and degradation reaction. Application experiment was carried out with starch base dodecyl polyglycoside surfactant used as leather fatliquor in made goat clothing. The SEM results of the applied leather indicate that the surfactant has excellent penetrability and fiber dispersion. The applied leather has excellent fullness, softness and dyeability and the rate of thickening reaches 13.2%.

关 键 词：淀粉 烷基苷 表面活性剂 

分 类 号：TQ423[化学工程]