单个汉字认知过程中事件相关电位的特征表现  

Characteristics of Event Related Potential in Cognition Course of Individual Chinese Characters

作　　者：王明时[1] 郁洪强[1] 路会生[1] 刘忠国[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学精密仪器与光电子工程学院,天津300072

出　　处：《天津大学学报》2006年第8期994-1000,共7页Journal of Tianjin University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30170308).

摘　　要：通过分析单个汉字结尾笔画匹配与非匹配事件相关电位(ERP)的差异,探讨汉字与英文在认知过程中的差异以及汉字认知的特点．研究结果表明,结尾笔画匹配和非匹配时的ERP波形存在着明显的差异：其一,非匹配的ERP波形中出现了明显的P300,这是匹配组中大多数电极位置上没有出现的成分(P＜0．05)；其二,汉字结尾笔画非匹配N400的波幅明显高于匹配组(P＜0．05),N400分布在除右侧颞叶以外的大脑其余各区,左侧波幅偏高．但是,由单个汉字非匹配组与匹配组的ERP相减所得的差异波N400的波幅并无大脑半球之间的明显差异,进一步证实了汉字的认知是左右脑半球并用的认知加工过程,与英文认知加工过程中的左半球优势存在着差异．同时,还发现在所有的电极上,非匹配组N400以后的其他负性成分的波幅比匹配组N400以后的相对应的负性成分的波幅都要高,提示N400以后的其他负性成分也可能与汉字词汇后水平的整合加工过程有关．The difference between the recognition processes of Chinese and English characters and the characteristics of Chinese character, recognition process were investigated by analyzing the event related potential （ERP） difference between the matched and mismatched ending strokes of a single Chinese character. Firstly, the P300 is observed in the mismatched ERP waveforms, which does not exist in the most electrodes of the matched ERP waveforms （P 〈 0.05）. Secondly, the amplitude of the N400 in the mismatched ending strokes of Chinese character is obviously higher than that in the matched groups （P 〈 0.05）. The N400 is distributed in the whole brain except the right side of temporal lobe and the amplitude is higher in the left side. However, the amplitude of N400 in the waveforms has no obvious distinction between the cerebral hemispheres, where the amplitude of N400 is obtained by subtracting the ERP of the matched individual Chinese character from that of the mismatched group. These results verify that the left and right cerebral hemispheres are both used in the Chinese character recognition, which is different from the English character recognition, where the left side cerebral hemisphere is used in high percentage. Finally, it is found that in all electrodes, the amplitude of negative compositions after N400 in the mismatched group is higher than that in the matched group, which demonstrates that the negative compositions after N400 is related to the postlexical integration process of the Chinese character.

关 键 词：脑语言功能 汉字 拼音文字 N400 P300 

分 类 号：R741.044[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]