非洲西瓜野生资源的化学成分分析及亲缘关系探讨  

STUDY ON THE CHEMICAL COMPONENTS AND SIBSHIPOF AFRICAN WATERMELON GERMPLASM

作　　者：赵尊练[1] 王鸣[1] 杨安平[1] 薛万新[1] 杜军志 

机构地区：[1]西北农业大学,陕西省蔬菜花卉研究所

出　　处：《西北植物学报》1996年第4期436-441,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;陕西农科院新产品开发资助

摘　　要：对引自非洲博茨瓦纳（Ｂｏｔｓｗａｎａ）的１６份西瓜野生资源的有关化学成分进行了分析，同时对它们与栽培西瓜的亲缘关系作了探讨。结果表明，这批西瓜资源的种子脂肪主要由４种脂肪酸组成，即棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸和亚油酸，其中饱和脂肪酸约占２０％．不饱和脂肪酸约占８０％，两种不饱和脂肪酸含量呈高度负相关；这些资源的果皮中果胶物质含量高出栽培品种２—３倍，具有经济利用价值；亲缘关系分析发现，这批资源大部分属于卡费尔西瓜［Ｃ．Ｌａｎａｔｕｓｓｓｐ．ｌａｎａｔｕｓｖａｒ．ｃａｆｆｅｒ（Ｓｃｈｒａｄ）Ｍａｎｓｆ．］，与目前栽培西瓜属于同一种不同的变种，它们的许多珍贵性状对我国栽培西瓜（包括籽瓜）的品种改良将具有重要的利用价值。The components of some watermelon germplasm introduced from the Botswana (the origin area of watermelon ) were analyzed. At the same time, the sibship of above germplasm was explored. The results showed that the seed fat of these materials mainly composed of 4-kind fatty acids i. e. palmitic acid,stearic acid,oleic acid and linolelc acid. The content of saturated fatty acids was about 20% and the content of unsaturated acids was about 80%. The content of two-kind unsaturated fatty acid was highly negative correlation one another. The content of rind in these germplasm was 2-3 times over commerial cultivar,so the extracting of pictin from the rind will have broad prospects. The results in sibship whowed that most germplasm of the African watermelon used in this test belonged to caffer watermelon[C. lanatus ssp. lanatus var. caffer (Schrad )Mansf. ] which is the same species as the cultivated watermelon. The fine characteristics of these germplasm will have valuable usage for watermelon breeding.

关 键 词：西瓜 种质资源 脂肪酸 果胶 亲缘关系 化学成分 

分 类 号：S651.01[农业科学—果树学]