脑卒中后基底节性失语的特点  

Characteristics of basal ganglion aphasia after stroke

作　　者：潘希峰[1] 孔亚婷[1] 陈平[1] 曾晖[1] 韩晴[1] 朱慧铭[1] 方少华[1] 邓小波[1] 张丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]三峡大学第一临床医学院(宜昌市中心人民医院)老年病科,湖北宜昌443003

出　　处：《中风与神经疾病杂志》2006年第3期341-343,共3页Journal of Apoplexy and Nervous Diseases

摘　　要：目的探讨脑卒中后基底核性失语的特点。方法选择急性期单侧皮层下脑卒中后基底核性失语患者29例,行失语症检查,分析其语言学特征。结果基底节性失语有较重的听理解障碍及书写能力的受损,其中理解中度障碍18例(62%);重度障碍11例(38%);书写障碍以描写障碍突出,重度障碍25例(86%);复述相对较好,轻中度障碍24例(83%)。23例(79%)出现语音障碍,包括音韵及音律障碍。8例患者出现言语失用。基底神经节性失语多为轻至中度语言表达障碍,表现为语言减少,口语流畅性差,说话缓慢、费力,启动难,词与词之间缺乏连惯性,词汇单调,理解障碍相对较轻,可有找词困难(说不出恰当词),偶有错语,但复述正常或相对正常。结论基底节性失语在脑卒中后较为常见,其类型复杂,几乎包括所有失语类型,表现为较重的听理解障碍及书写能力的受损,书写障碍以描写障碍突出;复述相对较好;多数患者出现语音障碍,口语流畅性差;言语失用常见;命名障碍较常见。Objective To discuss the characterislic of basal ganglion aphasia. Methods A totle of 29 patients with left basal ganglion aphasia after unilateral subcortical stroke at the acute stage were involved in the study. Aphsia examination was performed on them and their neurolinguistic characteristics were analyzed. Results Patients with aphasia at basal ganglion had more serious understanding disorder of listening and impairment of writing ability,including 18 cases（62 percent）of medium obstacle of listening, 11 cases（38 percent ）of serious obstacle of listening. The writing and descriptive obstacles were distinct ,including 25 cases （86 percent ）of severe obstacle. And the repeating was relatively better including 24 cases （83 percent ）of mild and medium obstacle. Voice disorder occurred in 23 patients（79 percent）,including rhyme disorders. Aphaxia of speech was observed in 8 cases. Conclusion Basal ganglion aphasia is normally observed after stroke. It has complex types. Almost includes all aphasia types. It has more serious understanding disorder of listening and impairment of writing ability. The writing and descriptive obstacles are distinct. The repeating is relatively better. Voice disorder occurres in most patients. Oral expression is impaired. Apraxia of speech is observed normally. And the named obstacle is usually found.

关 键 词：基底节性失语 脑卒中 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]