支抗微种植体对兔牙周组织损伤的影响  

STUDY OF THE PERIODONTIUM INJURY CAUSED BY ANCHORAGE MINI-IMPLANTS IN RABBITS

作　　者：曹奕[1] 吕健 刘新强[3] 

机构地区：[1]青岛大学医学院,山东青岛266021 [2]青岛大学医学院附属医院口腔科 [3]青岛市口腔医院

出　　处：《齐鲁医学杂志》2006年第4期341-342,344,共3页Medical Journal of Qilu

摘　　要：目的建立兔牙周膜微型种植体损伤的模型,观察其损伤后的病理变化以及组织愈合、修复的过程和方式,并探讨这种损伤可能造成的后果和影响。方法健康家兔12只,麻醉后,在兔牙槽骨中分别种植一颗纯钛微型种植体,尖部接触其相邻牙齿的牙根并损伤其牙周膜。将家兔分别在植入手术后的第1、5、28、56天处死,每次3只。取包含受损伤牙齿的上、下颌骨骨块,制作病理标本,光镜下观察被损伤牙周膜的修复过程及愈合方式。结果术后第1天,受损伤部位牙周膜的连续性受到破坏,产生机械断裂,牙周膜纤维与牙骨质的连接中断,牙周膜局部增宽;术后第5天,受损伤部位开始修复,牙周膜的纤维结缔组织增生,排列稍乱;第28天,受损伤部位的修复进展顺利,牙周膜内纤维结缔组织的修复已经基本完成,牙周膜纤维与牙骨质的连接重新建立;术后第56天,受损伤组织的修复已经基本完成,牙周膜、牙骨质及牙槽骨三者之间又建立了紧密的联系。结论微型种植体损伤对受损牙齿的牙周膜的弹性及其缓冲作用会产生一定的负面影响,如果损伤部位较小,影响不会太大。Objective To establish an animal model of periodontal injury caused by mini-implants and study the corresponding pathological changes of periodontium. Methods After anesthesia was given, 12 healthy rabbits were implanted with mini implants （1.2 min ×1.4 mm × 7.0 mm） in the alveolar tooth bone. The edges of the mini-implants were fixed to contact the periodontium. The rabbits were killed at day 1,5,28 and 56 after the operation, and the alveolar bone with the teeth were dissec ted, further processed into histological sections and observed microscopically. Results One day after operation, the periodontal ligaments in the injured area were broken and the periodontium thickened; five days after operation, fibers in periodontium were proliferated and arranged irregularly; 28 days after operation, osteoblast and fibroblast increased in number, fibers in periodontium touched to the cementum; 56 days after operation, the inflammatory cells in the area disappeared, the injured periodontal ligaments were restored by normal connective tissue. Conclusion When the periodontium of rabbit is damaged by anchorage mini-implants, a negative effect on elasticity and amortization of the injured tooth＇s periodontium may occur. But, if the damage is mild, the influence will be little.

关 键 词：支抗 牙种植体 牙周组织 损伤 修复 

分 类 号：R781.45[医药卫生—口腔医学]