Wistar大鼠垂体切除后不同时段对下丘脑视上核ADH神经元的影响  

Effects of hypothalamic supraoptic ADH neurons at different times after hypophysectomy in Wistar rats

作　　者：王益华[1] 漆松涛[1] 张嘉林[1] 袁智锐[1] 公方和[1] 刘承勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学南方医院神经外科

出　　处：《中国病理生理杂志》2006年第9期1793-1796,共4页Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology

基　　金：广东省名医工程资助项目

摘　　要：目的:观察大鼠垂体切除后不同时段对下丘脑视上核ADH神经元的影响及尿崩情况。方法:利用垂体切除仪行立体定向大鼠垂体切除,术后监测每天的饮水量、尿量及尿比重,通过免疫荧光方法观察和测定术后不同时段视上核ADH神经元的存活情况。结果:术后平均每天饮水量、尿量实验组为73.9mL和59.7mL,均明显高于对照组的30.9mL和14.7mL,P<0.01;而尿比重实验组1.015低于对照组1.036,P<0.01。术后3d神经元略有减少,约为对照组的94%(P>0.05),但胞体增大、染色增强;10d后神经元存活72%(P<0.01);20d、30d后仅为31%和29%,均明显小于10d组(P<0.01)。20d后正中隆起处ADH阳性纤维明显增多。结论:垂体切除后动物出现了明显的3相性中枢性尿崩症,下丘脑视上核ADH神经元出现了明显的逆行性退变和功能代偿过程。AIM： To observe the effects of supraoptic ADH neurons and central diabetes insipidus （CDI） in Wistar rats at different times after hypophysectomy. METHODS： Hypophysectomy was undergone by stereotaxic instrument. Water intake, urine output and urine specific gravity （SG） were observed each day. The survival rate of supraoptic ADH neurons was determined by immunoiluorescence after hypophysectomy at different times. RESULTS： The rats manifested triphasic CDI after hypophysectomy. The average water intake in experiment group was 73.9 mL vs 30. 9 mL in control group （P 〈0.01 ）. Urine output was 59. 7 mL vs 14.7 mL （P 〈0. 01 ） and SG was 1. 015 vs 1. 036 （P 〈0.01 ）. There was minor decrease in ADH neurons at the 3rd day after hypophysectomy （ survival 94%, P 〉 0.05 ）, but the cellular body hypertrophy appeared. The survival rate at 10th day was 72% （P 〈0.01 ）, 31% at 20th day and 29% at 30th day. There was no difference between the 20th and 30th day （P 〉0. 05）, but they were all less than the 10th day （P 〈0. 01 ）. The ADH immunore- activity enhanced in median eminence （ME） at the 20th day. CONCLUSION： The triphasic CDI appeard and supraoptic ADH neurons degenerated but the function of those survival neurons had compensatory enhancement after hypophysectomy.

关 键 词：垂体切除术 尿崩症 神经性 血管升压素类 视上核 

分 类 号：R651.1[医药卫生—外科学]