贺氏双子铁与摩瑞大泽米羽片和叶轴的解剖学研究  

Anatomical studies on pinna and rachis of Dioon holmgrenii and Macrozamia moorei

作　　者：黄玉源[1] 黄爱花[1] 农保选[1] 韦丽君[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院

出　　处：《植物研究》2006年第5期551-559,共9页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30260007);国家自然科学基金国际交流与合作项目(30410203270)

摘　　要：对贺氏双子铁和摩瑞大泽米的羽片和叶轴进行了比较研究，对两种植物的结构特征与对环境的适应性进行了分析，结果表明：两个种类的结构有很大的差异。贺氏双子铁的羽片仅在下表皮有气孔器分布，在近轴面仅有1～2层较短的栅栏组织，维管柬与粘液道在垂周方向相对而生；摩瑞大泽米羽片在上下表皮均有气孔器，近轴面和远轴面均有较长的2～3层的栅栏组织，为等面叶，维管柬与粘液道在平周方向相间排列。此外，两个种的维管束结构及叶缘结构等也有很大的差异。在叶轴方面，贺氏双子铁的表皮气孔数比摩瑞大泽米的气孔数明显要少，而且摩瑞大泽米的表皮内侧有一环富含叶绿体的栅栏组织，且在栅栏组织的内方还有发达的富含叶绿体的海绵组织，而贺氏双子铁则没有。此外，摩瑞大泽米在基本组织中含有较多的副转输组织，而贺氏双子铁则无。在粘液道大小、排列方式上两种类也有很大的不同。贺氏双子铁的维管束韧皮部明显比木质部发达，而摩瑞大泽米木质部和韧皮部的发达程度相近。Comarative anatomy to pinna and raehis of Dioon holmgrenii and Macrozamia moorei were carried out and also analysed. The results showed that the structures of two species were quite different. The pinna of D. holmgrenii only had stomatal apparatus in lower epidermis,and 1 to 2 layers shorter palisade tissues in adaxial surface, the arranged patterns of vascular bundle and mucilage canal was that they were oppsite arrangement as couple in anticlinal direction ; the pinna of M. moorei had stomatal apparatus in upper epidermis and lower epidermis,and had 2 to 3 layers palisade tissues in adaxial and its surface, it was isobilateral leaf, the arranged pattern of vascular bundle and mucilage canal was that they were interval arrangement in perielinal direction. The structures of vascular bundle and leaf margin were also different. In raehis, stomatal apparatus number of D. holmgrenii was obviously fewer than M. moorei, there was a ring palisade tissue what contains plentiful chloroplasts distributing on inside of epidermis, and sponge tissue contains more chloroplasts distributing on the inside of the palisade tissue, there were no these characters in D. holmgrenii. Otherwise, in ground tissues of M. moorei, there were more accessory transfusion tissue, but D. holmgrenii were no the feature. The size and arranged pattern of mucilage canal of two species were quite different. The developed extent of phloem of D. holmgrenii were obviously more than xylem, however, in M. moorei, the developed extent between phloem and xylem were near. Furthermore, the arrangement pattern of vascular bundle of two species were different. The characteristic relation of structure characteristic and their adaptability to eco-environment.

关 键 词：羽片 叶轴 解剖学 贺氏双子铁 摩瑞大泽米 

分 类 号：Q949.62[生物学—植物学]