人类性染色体研究进展  

Advance of Study in Sex Chromosomes in Human

作　　者：张红国[1,2] 刘睿智[1] 段晓刚[3] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学基础医学院细胞生物学研究室,吉林省生殖医学研究所 [2]东北师范大学遗传与细胞研究所,130024.长春 [3]东北师范大学遗传与细胞研究所

出　　处：《国际遗传学杂志》2006年第3期212-216,共5页International Journal of Genetics

基　　金：吉林省科技厅资助项目(No.20030433)

摘　　要：最近研究表明一对性染色体可能是由一对远古常染色体进化而来。Y染色体是人类最小的染色体,是男性特有的染色体,包含SRY等多个男性特有基因。Y染色体上的男性特有序列(MSY)是一个包含不同染色质序列的嵌合体,MSY包含多个回文序列。回文序列上经常发生臂间基因转换,使Y染色体具有自我保护能力。女性失活X染色体上有15%的基因逃离失活进行表达,可能在男女性别不同和女性个体间差异中起决定作用。Recently, some researches indicate that modern X and Y chromosomes evolved from ancient autosomes. Y chromosome, the smallest chromosome of human, is male-specific chromosome, There are many male-specific genes including SRY gene. The male-specific region of the Y chromosome（iMSY） is a mosaic of discrete sequence classes. Eight palindromes comprise one-quarter of the euchromatic DNA of MSY. There are abundant gene conversion between arms of palindromes in Y chromosomes of human which caused powers of self-preservation. Women still express many genes from their inactive X chromosomes and 15% of the genes on the inactive X chromosome are active. This phenomenon may eventually explain some of the behavioural and biological differences between individual women, and perhaps, between women and men.

关 键 词：性染色体 回文序列 自体性行为 逃离失活 

分 类 号：R394[医药卫生—医学遗传学]