九孔鲍肠道及其养殖水体中异养细菌产酶能力的分析  

Studies on the Extra-celluar Enzyme-producing Capbilities of Heterotrophic Bacteria Isolated from the Abalone Intestines and Farming Waters

作　　者：蔡俊鹏[1] 程璐[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学轻工与食品学院,广东广州510640

出　　处：《海洋通报》2006年第5期22-28,共7页Marine Science Bulletin

摘　　要：2002年5月从汕尾健生鲍鱼场养殖水体和成鲍肠道中分离筛选到26株异养细菌,其中11株来自成鲍肠道,15株来自养殖水体。对它们产胞外酶的能力进行了比较分析。结果表明肠道异养细菌中有72.7%能分泌蛋白酶、淀粉酶或明胶酶,9.1%分泌脂肪酶,45.5%分泌卵磷脂酶;水体异养细菌中则有46.7%能分泌蛋白酶或脂肪酶,66.7%分泌卵磷脂酶、淀粉酶或明胶酶。比较发现,肠道中脂肪酶或卵磷脂酶生产菌的比例小于水体异养细菌的比例;而蛋白酶、淀粉酶或明胶酶生产菌的比例却高于水体中异养细菌的比例。另外,水体异养细菌分泌多种胞外酶的能力强于肠道异养细菌。由此揭示现有鲍鱼肠道菌群结构的不完善,进而为通过添加有益菌而提高鲍鱼饲料利用率提供了可能。26 heterotrophic bacteria strains were isolated from grown abalone intestines and their farming waters in the Jiansheng Abalone Farm in Shangwei, Guangdong province. Among them, 15 strains were from farming waters and 11 strains were from abalone intestines. Their extracellular enzyme-producing abilities were investigated. Results showed that the percentages of strains from the intestines producing protease, lipase, phospholipase, amylase and gelatinase were 72.7%, 9.1%, 45.5 %, 46.7 % and 46.7 %, respectively. On the other hand, the percentages of strains from the farming waters producing protease, lipase, phospholipase, amylase and gelatinase were 46.7 %, 46.7 %, 66.7 %, 66.7 % and 66.7 %, correspondingly. Moreover, the proportion of strains from the intestines producing lipase or phosphlipase was lower than that from the waters, but the proportion of strains from the intestines producing protease, amylase or gelatinase was higher than that from the waters. Overall, abilities of producing extra-cellular enzymes were greater among isolates from the farming waters than those from abalone intestines. Results of this study demonstrated the shortage of abalone intestinal bacteria communities and the possibility of enhancing the availability of healthy abalone feed by adding probiotics.

关 键 词：九孔鲍 肠道 养殖水体 异养细菌 胞外酶 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]