叶菜试管苗移栽技术研究  

STUDIES ON TRANSPLANT TECHNIQUES OF VEGETABLE PLANTLETS IN TEST TUBES

作　　者：张建军[1] 殷丽青[1] 范昆华[1] 陈全庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院作物育种栽培研究所

出　　处：《上海农业学报》1996年第4期50-54,共5页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海市科学技术发展基金

摘　　要：探讨了叶菜试管苗的简易高效移栽技术及影响其移栽成活率的因素。结果表明，将完整试管苗在室温下练苗７ｄ后，移栽于不加温的玻璃房内；苗床以菜园土为基质，移栽后浇透水，并在苗床上搭以封闭的塑料小环棚，保温、保温１０ｄ；如此处理的试管苗移栽成活率，白菜类Ｂｒａｓｓｉｃａｃａｍｐｅｓｌｒｉｓ）为９５％以上，芹菜类（Ａｐｉｕｍｇｒａｖｅｏｌｅｎｓ）为９６％以上，莴苣类（Ｌａｃｔｕｃｓａｔｉｖａ）在９２％以上。移栽前练苗；移栽时洗净根部培养基；移栽后在暖房内再用塑料薄膜保温保湿。这些措施是提高叶菜试管苗移栽成活率的关键所在。从试管苗的生长状态看，莴苣类的合适移栽苗龄为３～５叶，白菜类和芹菜类为３～８叶，而试管苗的平均根长以≤２ｃｍ为佳。The simple and convenient transplant techniques of vegetable plantlets intest-tubes and the main factors affecting their survival rate were studied. The results showedthat when using the following transplant procedure;i.e.after the test-tube plantlets withroots and leaves were hardened at room temperature for 7 days;they were transplanted onseedbed with garden soil in greenhouse; then sprinkled with water and small closed circularplastic awnings were built on the seedbeds to maintain temperature and humidity; thetransplant survival rates of Brassica campestris;Apium graveolens and Lactuca sativaplantlets were over 95%; 96% and 92%; respectively.Hardening plantlets beforetransplanting;washing off medium on the plantlets in transplanting and building plasticawning on the seedbed after transplanting were three key factors to ensure high transplantsurvival rate. In order to keep high transplant survival rate;it also was necessary that rootlength of the plantlets transplanted should be≤2 cm;shoot length should be controlled in 3～5 leaves for Lactuca sativa plantlets and 3～8 leaves for Brassica campestris and Apiumgraveolens plantlets.

关 键 词：白菜 莴苣 芹菜 试管苗 移栽 成活率 

分 类 号：S630.45[农业科学—蔬菜学]