基于ADP-XR和OBS-3A的潮滩水文泥沙过程研究 以胶州湾北部红岛潮滩为例  

Observation of hydrographic and sedimentary processes over an intertidal flat based on ADP-XR and OBS-3A Taking Hongdao Island intertidal flat in the north of Jiaozhou Bay as an example

作　　者：杨世伦[1] 李鹏[1] 郜昂[1] 张经[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室,上海200062

出　　处：《海洋学报》2006年第5期56-63,共8页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目资助(40036010);教育部长江学者和优秀创新团队发展计划资助项目(PCSIRT0427)

摘　　要：于2004年8月17～24日在胶州湾北部红岛潮滩上用0B孓3A和ADP—XR观测了水深、浊度、水平和垂直流速、回声强度、波浪、盐度、水温等水文泥沙要素，同时采集了悬沙和底沙样品作粒度分析．结果和结论为：（1）潮流动力较弱，表层和近底层最大流速分别只有31和26cm／s；（2）弱潮流动力导致潮周期大部分时间的悬沙浓度小于30rag／dm^3，但浅水阶段近底悬沙浓度为1001000mg／dm^3；浅水阶段的短暂高悬浮泥沙浓度和其余长淹没时段的低悬沙浓度共同构成悬沙浓度的“U”形潮周期过程线；（3）悬沙浓度的垂直成层分布主要发生在潮周期的深水阶段和平静天气；（4）由于潮流弱和风浪的干扰，悬沙浓度未呈现大小潮周期的变化规律；（5）水体盐度为23．6～29．5；（6）淹没期的温度（21．4～28．6℃）比出露期的（19．3～30．9℃）稳定，温度极高值出现在午后出露期，而极低值出现在凌晨出露期；（7）“浅水效应”是弱动力潮滩泥沙运动的重要特点．Turbidity, horizontal and vertical current speeds, echo intensity, water depth, salinity and temperature were observed using OBS-3A and ADP-XR during a spring--neap period, on 17-24 August 2004. Meanwhile, suspended and bed sediments were sampled for grain size analysis. On the basis of calibration of turbidity with in situ sediment samples and regression between the turbidity and the echo intensity, the turbidity and the echo intensity were converted to a suspended sediment concentration （SSC）. The SSC is found to be generally low. For most of the tidal duration, the near-bottom （30 cm above bed） SSC is less than 30 mg/dm^3. Because mud grains are abundant in the bed sediments, the low SSC is mainly attributed to low water energy especially weak currents. The near-bottom current speed is generally less than 15 cm/s due to the narrowness of the intertidal zone （500 m in width）. However, the high SSC ranging from 100 mg/ dm^3 to greater than 1 000 mg/ dm^3 occurs during the shallow and short stages mainly due to the action of waves. As a result, the time series of near-bottom SSC is ＂U＂-shaped during each tidal cycle. The vertical stratification of SSC tends to occur during deep stages and calm weathers. The SSC does not show spring--neap cyclicity, which is attributed to the interference of waves. It is concluded that resuspension/settling over the study intertidal flat is governed by waves.

关 键 词：潮滩 悬沙浓度 沉积动力学 浅水效应 胶州湾 

分 类 号：P731[天文地球—海洋科学] TV148[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]