天津地区人群对铜(Cu)的暴露水平  

Human Exposures to Copper in Tianjin Area

作　　者：裴娟[1] 曹军[1] 陶澍[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境学院地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2006年第5期1102-1106,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国际铜协会E-AS-04-01;国家自然科学基金(40021101)

摘　　要：以天津地区各环境介质与食物中铜浓度的实测数据和文献中相关数据为基础资料,采用多介质-多途径暴露模型,估算该地区不同年龄亚群对环境中铜的暴露水平。结果表明,城区、非污灌与污灌地区人群的终身日均暴露量分别为1.04、1.03、1.20mg.d-1,均值为1.09mg.d-1;不同亚群的单位体重暴露量分别为0.053(儿童)、0.022(青少年)和0.020 mg.kg-1.d-1(成人);膳食摄入贡献占总暴露量的99%以上,其中谷类的摄入是最主要的途径,其次是蔬菜摄入。Concentrations of copper were determined in different environmental media and foodstuff in Tianjin area. Higher Cu levels were observed in soil samples from waste water irrigated areas and water samples in Jixian. There were no significant differences in most foodstuff samples since most of them were imported from other areas. It is counterintuitive that the food copper content in this research was close to those from international journals, being lower than the data obtained in domestic literature. The multiple-media/multiple-pathway models were used to estimate the exposure levels of various populations based on field data on media concentration and literature. Ingestion was the predominant route in Cu exposure to human while most of dietary intakes were from grain （54.7%-74.0%）, vegetable （15.8%-21.1%）, meat and fruit. The population＇ s lifetime average daily doses in waste water irrigated area （Jinnan and Beichen） was 1.20 mg· d^-1, higher than those in urban （1.04 mg·d^-1） and fresh water irrigated area （Jinghai and Jixian, 1.03 mg·d^-1） according to the difference in copper content of foodstuff and environmental media. In addition, the childre＇s average daily doses over body weight was 0.053 mg·kg^-1·d^-1, much higher than youth （0.022 mg ·kg^-1·d^-1） and adult （0.020 mg ·kg^-1·d^-1） groups, which mainly attributed to the influence of body weight in different age stages. The estimated daily exposure doses of Cu for various populations were also lower compared to most studies in China, probably due to the lower copper concentration in foodstuff analyzed, the difference in research methods （market basket studies vs. cooked food diet sampling）, and lack of information about those food with low ingestion amount but high copper level, such as animal Diver, nut, bean and chocolate in model.

关 键 词：铜暴露 日均暴露量 多介质-多途径暴露模型 天津 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]